Chemistry:ACE inhibitor and thiazide combination

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Short description: A combination of antihypertensive drugs used to treat hypertension

An ACE inhibitor and thiazide combination is a drug combination used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). They are given by mouth. ACE inhibitors reduce the activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) which produces angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. Thiazides are a class of diuretics that inhibit the thiazide receptor, thereby increasing urine production and reducing excess water and salt in the body. Several organizations recommend combination therapy for hypertension in cases of failure of a single drug to achieve target blood pressure, or even as a first line treatment for some patients.[1]

Examples

Quinapril/hydrochlorothiazide
Combination of
QuinaprilAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
HydrochlorothiazideThiazide diuretic
Clinical data
Trade namesAccuretic
AHFS/Drugs.comMultum Consumer Information
Pregnancy
category
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
ChemSpider
KEGG
Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide
Combination of
LisinoprilACE inhibitor
HydrochlorothiazideThiazide diuretic
Clinical data
MedlinePlusa601070
Pregnancy
category
  • US: D (Evidence of risk)
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
KEGG
  (verify)
  • Enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide (trade name Enalapril comp), wherein enalapril is the ACE inhibitor and hydrochlorothiazide is the thiazide.
  • Quinapril/hydrochlorothiazide (trade name Accuretic)[2]
  • Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide is marketed as Prinzide,[3] Zestoretic,[4] and many others.

Fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide

Fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide
Combination of
FosinoprilAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor
HydrochlorothiazideThiazide diuretic
Clinical data
Trade namesMonopril HCT
Pregnancy
category
  • C (1st trimester); D (2nd & 3rd trimesters)
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)

Fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (trade name Monopril HCT) has a boxed warning about its risk to cause morbidity and mortality in the baby when being used during pregnancy (second and third trimesters).[5]

The FDA modified its labeling in February 2009 to include a precaution of drug interaction with gold. "Nitritoid reactions (symptoms include facial flushing, nausea, vomiting and hypotension) have been reported rarely in patients on therapy with injectable gold (sodium aurothiomalate) and concomitant ACE inhibitor therapy including Monopril/Monopril HCT."[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Choice of drug therapy in primary (essential) hypertension". https://www.uptodate.com/contents/choice-of-drug-therapy-in-primary-essential-hypertension/print. 
  2. ↑ Accuretic Multum Consumer Information
  3. ↑ "Prinzide Uses, Side Effects & Warnings - Drugs.com". https://www.drugs.com/mtm/prinzide.html. 
  4. ↑ "Zestoretic: Uses, Dosage & Side Effects - Drugs.com". https://www.drugs.com/zestoretic.html. 
  5. ↑ "fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (Rx) - Contraindications & Cautions". Medscape. http://reference.medscape.com/drug/fosinopril-hydrochlorothiazide-342334#5. 
  6. ↑ "Monopril HCT (fosinopril/hydrochlorothiazide) 20/12.5mg and 10/12.5mg Tablets February 2009". FDA. https://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/SafetyInformation/Safety-RelatedDrugLabelingChanges/ucm133086.htm. 



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