Template:Infobox zinc

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Zinc, 30Zn
Zinc fragment sublimed and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Zinc
Appearancesilver-gray
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Zn)65.38(2)[1]
Zinc in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson


Zn

Cd
copperzincgallium
Atomic number (Z)30
Groupgroup 12
Periodperiod 4
Block  d-block
Element category  d-block, alternatively considered a transition metal
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point692.68 K ​(419.53 °C, ​787.15 °F)
Boiling point1180 K ​(907 °C, ​1665 °F)
Density (near r.t.)7.14 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.57 g/cm3
Heat of fusion7.32 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization115 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity25.470 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 610 670 750 852 990 1179
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.65
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 906.4 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 3833 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 134 pm
Covalent radius122±4 pm
Van der Waals radius139 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of zinc
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for zinc
Speed of sound thin rod3850 m/s (at r.t.) (rolled)
Thermal expansion30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity116 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity59.0 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Magnetic susceptibility−11.4·10−6 cm3/mol (298 K)[2]
Young's modulus108 GPa
Shear modulus43 GPa
Bulk modulus70 GPa
Poisson ratio0.25
Mohs hardness2.5
Brinell hardness327–412 MPa
CAS Number7440-66-6
History
DiscoveryIndian metallurgists (before 1000 BCE)
First isolationAndreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746)
Recognized as a unique metal byRasaratna Samuccaya (800)
Main isotopes of zinc
Iso­tope Abun­dance Physics:Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
64Zn 49.2% stable
65Zn syn 244 d ε 65Cu
γ
66Zn 27.7% stable
67Zn 4.0% stable
68Zn 18.5% stable
69Zn syn 56 min β 69Ga
69mZn syn 13.8 h β 69Ga
70Zn 0.6% stable
71Zn syn 2.4 min β 71Ga
71mZn syn 4 d β 71Ga
72Zn syn 46.5 h β 72Ga
Category Category: Zinc
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Zn
data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 419.53
K 692.68 692.68 0
F 787.15 787.15 0
max precision 2
WD


input C: 419.53, K: 692.68, F: 787.15
comment
Zn
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 907
K 1180 1180 0
F 1665 1665 0
max precision 0
WD


input C: 907, K: 1180, F: 1665
comment
[]  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Chemistry:Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Physics:Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

  1. Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
  2. Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4. 

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