Zinc, 30 Zn Zinc Appearance silver-gray Standard atomic weight A r, std (Zn) 65.38(2)[1] Zinc in the periodic table
Atomic number (Z ) 30 Group group 12 Period period 4 Block d-block Element category d-block , alternatively considered a transition metal Electron configuration [Ar ] 3d10 4s2 Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 2 Physical properties Phase at STP solid Melting point 692.68 K (419.53 °C, 787.15 °F) Boiling point 1180 K (907 °C, 1665 °F) Density (near r.t. ) 7.14 g/cm3 when liquid (at m.p. ) 6.57 g/cm3 Heat of fusion 7.32 kJ/mol Heat of vaporization 115 kJ/mol Molar heat capacity 25.470 J/(mol·K) Vapor pressure
P (Pa)
1
10
100
1 k
10 k
100 k
at T (K)
610
670
750
852
990
1179
Atomic properties Oxidation states −2, 0, +1, +2 (an amphoteric oxide) Electronegativity Pauling scale: 1.65 Ionization energies 1st: 906.4 kJ/mol 2nd: 1733.3 kJ/mol 3rd: 3833 kJ/mol (more ) Atomic radius empirical: 134 pm Covalent radius 122±4 pm Van der Waals radius 139 pm Spectral lines of zincOther properties Natural occurrence primordial Crystal structure hexagonal close-packed (hcp) Speed of sound thin rod 3850 m/s (at r.t. ) (rolled) Thermal expansion 30.2 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C) Thermal conductivity 116 W/(m·K) Electrical resistivity 59.0 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) Magnetic ordering diamagnetic Magnetic susceptibility −11.4·10−6 cm3 /mol (298 K)[2] Young's modulus 108 GPa Shear modulus 43 GPa Bulk modulus 70 GPa Poisson ratio 0.25 Mohs hardness 2.5 Brinell hardness 327–412 MPa CAS Number 7440-66-6 History Discovery Indian metallurgists (before 1000 BCE ) First isolation Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (1746) Recognized as a unique metal by Rasaratna Samuccaya (800)Main isotopes of zinc
Category: Zinc view · talk · edit
| references
Zn
data m.p. cat
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
419.53
—
—
K
692.68
692.68
0
F
787.15
787.15
0
max precision
2
WD
input
C: 419.53, K: 692.68, F: 787.15
comment
Zn
data b.p. cat
in
calc from C
diff
report
ref
C
907
—
—
K
1180
1180
0
F
1665
1665
0
max precision
0
WD
input
C: 907, K: 1180, F: 1665
comment
References
These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al . (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi :10.1515/pac-2015-0305 .
↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4 .
Template:Documentation