Template:Infobox lutetium

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Lutetium, 71Lu
Lutetium sublimed dendritic and 1cm3 cube.jpg
Lutetium
Pronunciation/ljuːˈtiːʃiəm/ ​(lew-TEE-shee-əm)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Lu)174.9668(1)[1]
Lutetium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
–[lower-alpha 1]
↑
Lu
↓
Lr
ytterbium ← lutetium → hafnium
Atomic number (Z)71
Groupgroup 3 (sometimes considered group 3)
Periodperiod 6
Block  d-block (sometimes considered d-block)
Element category  d-block, sometimes considered a transition metal
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f14 5d1 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1925 K ​(1652 °C, ​3006 °F)
Boiling point3675 K ​(3402 °C, ​6156 °F)
Density (near r.t.)9.841 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)9.3 g/cm3
Heat of fusionca. 22 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization414 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity26.86 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1906 2103 2346 (2653) (3072) (3663)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states0,[2] +1, +2, +3 (a weakly basic oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.27
Ionization energies
  • 1st: 523.5 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1340 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2022.3 kJ/mol
Atomic radiusempirical: 174 pm
Covalent radius187±8 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of lutetium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for lutetium
Thermal expansionpoly: 9.9 µm/(m·K) (at r.t.)
Thermal conductivity16.4 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivitypoly: 582 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic[3]
Young's modulus68.6 GPa
Shear modulus27.2 GPa
Bulk modulus47.6 GPa
Poisson ratio0.261
Vickers hardness755–1160 MPa
Brinell hardness890–1300 MPa
CAS Number7439-94-3
History
Namingafter Lutetia, Latin for: Paris, in the Roman era
DiscoveryCarl Auer von Welsbach and Georges Urbain (1906)
First isolationCarl Auer von Welsbach (1906)
Named byGeorges Urbain (1906)
Main isotopes of lutetium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Physics:Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
173Lu syn 1.37 y ε 173Yb
174Lu syn 3.31 y ε 174Yb
175Lu 97.401% stable
176Lu 2.599% 3.78×1010 y β− 176Hf
Category Category: Lutetium
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Lu
data m.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 1652 — —
K 1925 1925 0
F 3006 3006 0
max precision 0
WD


input C: 1652, K: 1925, F: 3006
comment
Lu
data b.p. cat
in calc from C diff report ref
C 3402 — —
K 3675 3675 0
F 6156 6156 0
max precision 0
WD


input C: 3402, K: 3675, F: 6156
comment
[
]  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Chemistry:Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Physics:Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03)
See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}
  1. ↑ It is disputed if group 3 contains lutetium and lawrencium, in which case yttrium (Y) appears above lutetium, or if it contains lanthanum and actinium, in which case lutetium has no lighter congener. A IUPAC project was started on 18 December 2015 to recommend which it should be.

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ Meija, Juris; Coplen, Tyler B.; Berglund, Michael; Brand, Willi A.; De Bièvre, Paul; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Irrgeher, Johanna et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305. 
  2. ↑ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017.  and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028. 
  3. ↑ Lide, D. R., ed (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5. https://web.archive.org/web/20110303222309/http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/elementmagn.pdf. 

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