Template:Infobox nickel

Nickel, ₂₈Ni

Nickel
Appearance	lustrous, metallic, and silver with a gold tinge
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(Ni)	58.6934(4)
Nickel in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson – ↑ Ni ↓ Pd cobalt ← nickel → copper
Atomic number (Z)	28
Group	group 10
Period	period 4
Block	d-block
Element category	d-block
Electron configuration	[Ar] 3d8 4s2 or [Ar] 3d9 4s1
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 16, 2 or 2, 8, 17, 1
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	1728 K ​(1455 °C, ​2651 °F)
Boiling point	3003 K ​(2730 °C, ​4946 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	8.908 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)	7.81 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	17.48 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	379 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	26.07 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1783 1950 2154 2410 2741 3184
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	−2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3, +4 (a mildly basic oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.91
Ionization energies	1st: 737.1 kJ/mol 2nd: 1753.0 kJ/mol 3rd: 3395 kJ/mol (more)
Atomic radius	empirical: 124 pm
Covalent radius	124±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	163 pm
Spectral lines of nickel
Other properties
Natural occurrence	primordial
Crystal structure	​face-centered cubic (fcc)
Speed of sound thin rod	4900 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	13.4 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	90.9 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	69.3 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic ordering	ferromagnetic
Young's modulus	200 GPa
Shear modulus	76 GPa
Bulk modulus	180 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.31
Mohs hardness	4.0
Vickers hardness	638 MPa
Brinell hardness	667–1600 MPa
CAS Number	7440-02-0
History
Discovery and first isolation	Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (1751)
Main isotopes of nickel
Iso­tope Abun­dance Physics:Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct 58Ni 68.077% stable 59Ni trace 7.6×104 y ε 59Co 60Ni 26.223% stable 61Ni 1.140% stable 62Ni 3.635% stable 63Ni syn 100 y β− 63Cu 64Ni 0.926% stable

Ni data m.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	1455	—	—
K	1728	1728	0
F	2651	2651	0
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 1455, K: 1728, F: 2651
comment

Ni data b.p. cat
	in	calc from C	diff	report	ref
C	2730	—	—
K	3003	3000	3
F	4946	4950	-4
max precision	0
WD
input	C: 2730, K: 3003, F: 4946
comment

PTChemistry:nickel

Co ← i'box Co	iso28Ni  infobox  isobox	→ Cu i'box Cu
Commons  Wikidata:Q744  Wiktionary Indexes in PT: § below · Page

[]  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Category (enwiki)
Standard atomic weight
most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Chemistry:Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Physics:Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Term symbol * (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2019-02-03) See also {{Infobox element/symbol-to--navbox}}

References

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