Biology:List of sauropodomorph type specimens

This list of specimens is a comprehensive catalogue of all the type specimens and their scientific designations for each of the genera and species that are included in the clade sauropodomorpha.

An early reconstruction of the sauropod Amphicoelias by E.D. Cope

Sauropodomorpha is a clade of saurischian dinosaurs that includes the largest land animals to have ever existed on Earth, such as Argentinosaurus, Brachiosaurus, and Patagotitan. The clade "sauropodomorpha" was created based on the earlier-named and slightly more exclusive clade, Sauropoda. This clade was named by Othniel Charles Marsh in 1878 and it translates to "lizard feet", in reference to the fact that sauropods were unique among the dinosaurs known at the time for having five toes, instead of three (such as in theropods and ornithopods). "Sauropodomorpha" then roughly translates to "in the likeness of the lizard feet". The first sauropodomorph to be described was Cardiodon, named by Sir Richard Owen, although he did not recognize at the time that it was a dinosaur.

Sauropodomorphs were one of the first groups of dinosaurs to appear, originating in the late Triassic period. While ancestrally bipedal, sauropodomorphs increased in mass throughout the Triassic and quadrupedal forms evolved. In the Jurassic period, the first unequivocal sauropods appeared. Thereafter, sauropods lived until the end of the Cretaceous period, and were present on every continent, including Antarctica. The largest sauropods have been estimated to weigh at least 70 metric tons, larger than any other animals besides the largest cetaceans, and possibly even larger.

Scope and terminology

This list will include the type fossils of each sauropodomorph species. In paleontology, a type specimen is one which is definitionally a member of a biological taxon. Additional specimens can only be "referred" to these taxa if an expert deems them sufficiently similar to the type and publishes that opinion in the scientific literature.

There is no complete, canonical list of all dinosaur taxa or holotype specimens. The primary source for this list is a book called Dinosaur Facts and Figures: The Sauropods and Other Sauropodomorphs by Rubén Molina-Pérez and Asier Larramendi which contains every sauropodomorph species described up to the date of its completion (January 1, 2019), including dubious or very fragmentary specimens. This is supplemented by references to the Princeton Field Guide to Dinosaurs by Gregory Paul and Dinosaurs: The Most Complete, Up-to-Date Encyclopedia for Dinosaur Lovers of All Ages by Thomas Holtz and Luis Rey. Where appropriate, The Paleobiology Database and Fossilworks, which are both online databases of named fossil taxa, are used to supplement the entries from published encyclopedias which are missing or data-deficient. Another useful resource is the Paleobiology Collections Database for the Smithsonian Institution, which has a large and publicly-accessible fossil collection.

This list will also be updated regularly as new scientific descriptions are published and new taxa are named. The most recently named sauropodomorph is Gandititan cavocaudatus, which was described in January 2024 by Fenglu Han, Ling Yang, Fasheng Lou, Corwin Sullivan, Xing Xu, Wenjiang Qiu, Hanfeng Liu, Juan Yu, Rui Wu, Yuzheng Ke, Mengyuan Xu, Jinfeng Hu, and Pikun Lu.

Type system

Types are also used to diagnose higher-level taxa than an individual. One individual might represent the "type specimen" of a particular species. This species would in turn represent the "type species" of a particular genus, unless it is referred to a previously undescribed genus. Most dinosaur genera are monospecific, therefore most type specimens are also the type species of their respective genera. On this list, the type species of a genus is only noted when it belongs to a genus with multiple referred species, such as Camarasaurus or Plateosaurus. Furthermore, when an animal is different enough from its close relatives that it is given its own family, it is conventional in dinosaur systematics to name a family after the first described, most famous, or most abundant genus assigned to it. Therefore, on this list, the type species of any type genus for a family or sub-family level taxon is also noted when appropriate.

There are several different varieties of type specimen when referring to fossil animals:

• Holotype: This is the most common and simplest form of type specimen. A holotype is the first material of a fossil taxon that is described in the scientific literature. In order to qualify as a true holotype, all of the fossils of the type must belong to the same individual animal. All type specimens on this list are holotypes, unless otherwise indicated.
• Paratype(s): These are described in the same publication as the holotype. A paratype is designated when the fossil material is diagnostic enough to belong to the same species as the holotype, but it is not from the same individual animal. In these cases, the holotype and paratype(s) are collectively called the "type series" for that taxon. On this list, paratypes are noted in the same entry as their associated holotype.
• Neotype: When a holotype specimen is lost, destroyed, or otherwise unable to be studied further by scientists, a new type specimen for that taxon is required in order to identify future material. On this list, neotypes are only given their own entries when the holotype was never formally given a specimen number, otherwise they are noted in the entry for the holotype.
• Syntype(s): This is a type series in which no single specimen is selected to serve as a holotype, nor are any designated as paratypes. This is typically done if the fossil material is believed to be from multiple animals, but none of the individual animals were well-preserved enough to provide a complete list of diagnostic characters. These are also sometimes called "cotypes" in publications, although this is discouraged by the ICZN.
• Lectotype: When a single type specimen from a series of syntypes is designated as the new primary type specimen in a subsequent publication, this is considered to be a lectotype. On this list, lectotypes are given their own entries.
• Paralectotype(s): When a lectotype is designated from a series of syntypes, the remaining syntypes become paralectotypes as part of a reorganized type series. On this list, paralectotypes are noted alongside the list entry for the lectotype of their respective series.
• Plastotype: Sometimes, if a cast of a type specimen is made and the original type specimen is lost or destroyed, the cast can be used for the purposes of diagnostic referral to a taxon. Plastotypes are only given their own entries on this list if the holotype was not given a specimen number. Otherwise, they are noted alongside the entry for the holotype.
• Topotype: When a specimen is discovered from the same locality as a holotype specimen it may be given a new specimen number. If the second specimen is later determined to belong to the same animal as the holotype after the holotype has been described, it becomes a topotype.

All name-bearing type specimens (i.e. holotypes, lectotypes, neotypes, and syntypes) have unique entries on this list, and non-name-bearing types (i.e. paratypes, paralectotypes, topotypes, and holotypes that have been subsumed by a neotype) are noted alongside their name-bearing counterpart.

Validity

Some described species are later determined to be invalid by subsequent scientific publications. However, invalid species are sometimes resurrected, such as in the case of Brontosaurus, and sometimes the validity of a species can be controversial among researchers (e.g. the case of Torosaurus and Triceratops). For the purposes of neutrality and completeness, all described species and genera of sauropodomorphs are included, even those that have been considered invalid by subsequent scientific publications.

Naming conventions and terminology follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN). Technical terms used include:

• Junior synonym: A name which describes the same taxon as a previously published name. If two or more taxa are formally designated and the type specimens are later assigned to the same taxon, the first to be published (in chronological order) is the senior synonym, and all other instances are junior synonyms. Senior synonyms are generally used, except by special decision of the ICZN, but junior synonyms cannot be used again, even if deprecated. Junior synonymy is often subjective, unless the genera described were both based on the same type specimen.
• Nomen dubium (Latin for "dubious name"): A name describing a fossil with no unique diagnostic features. This can be an extremely controversial designation, and as such, they are only notated when their supposedly dubious status has been formally published. Furthermore, if the scientific community has yet to reach a consensus on the validity of a name or taxon, the ongoing nature of the controversy will be stated.
• Nomen nudum (Latin for "naked name"): A name that has appeared in print but has not yet been formally published by the standards of the ICZN. Nomina nuda (the plural form) are invalid, and are not included on this list.
• Preoccupied name: A name that is formally published, but which has already been used for another taxon. This second use is invalid (as are all subsequent uses) and the name must be replaced.

Omissions

Some sauropodomorph taxa are not included on this list. Nomina nuda are excluded because a type does not become recognized by the ICZN until it is published in a scientific journal with a full description.

Some misidentified taxa are also not included so long as there is a scientific consensus with regard to the specimen in question. If a specimen is later referred to a taxon outside sauropodomorpha, it is not included on this list. However, specimens that are identified as sauropodomorphs in publications subsequent to their initial description are included under the name they are given within sauropodomorpha.

Referred taxa are only included on the list as separate entries when their initial description includes a unique type specimen.

List of specimens

• Binomial name: All animals species are given a unique binomial name, typically consisting of Latin or Greek words which are used to formally and scientifically identify each species.
• Catalogue number: In most museum collections, each fossil specimen will be given a unique catalogue number which is published with the description of the fossils after they are prepared. This serves as a formal name for every single described fossil so that authors are able to refer to individual fossil discoveries in the scientific literature by name.
• Institution: Most published fossils are stored in museum collections or at universities. This is also true of type specimens, many of which are on display in museums around the world. If a type specimen has been lost, the last known location of the type is listed.
• Age: The geological stage from which the specimen was recovered is listed, when it is known. The exact age of some geological formations is not known. If this is the case, a range of possible ages is given.
• Unit: Most fossils are recovered from named geologic formations (e.g. the Morrison Formation or the Hell Creek Formation). When this is not the case, a city or landmark near the locality from which the fossil was recovered is listed.
• Material: The vast majority of fossils do not preserve the complete skeleton of an animal. In these cases, the specific bones which are fossilized have been listed.
• Notes: Other general information, such as the validity status of the taxon in question, or any other material in the type series may be listed here.

Binomial Name Catalogue number(s) Institution Age Unit Material Notes Image Aardonyx celestae BP/1/6254 Evolutionary Studies Institute Sinemurian Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial maxilla Additional material was found in association, but this was not included in the holotype A reconstruction of the holotype maxilla along with additional referred skull material in white Abdarainurus barsboldi PIN 5669/1 Russian Academy of Sciences Santonian Alagteeg Formation, Mongolia Caudal vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material Abditosaurus kuehnei MCD 6718-6751 Conca Dellà Museum Maastrichtian Conquès Formation, Tremp Group, Spain Vertebrae, a partial hip, limb elements, and teeth Abrosaurus dongpoensis ZDM 5038 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan A skull Illustration of the holotype Abydosaurus mcintoshi DINO 16488 Dinosaur National Monument Cenomanian Mussentuchit Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah Skull with four cervical vertebrae Skull of the holotype Adamantisaurus mezzalirai MUGEO 1282, 1289, 1295 Valdemar Lefevre Museum Campanian or possibly Maastrichtian Adamantina Formation, São Paulo Three vertebrae Specimens were given unique numbers, but they collectively comprise a single holotype Adeopapposaurus mognai PVSJ568 National University of San Juan Uncertain, Early Jurassic (Hettangian to Toarcian) Cañón del Colorado Formation, Cuyo A skull and a mostly complete skeleton lacking the tail Museum mount based on the holotype with missing material filled in Aegyptosaurus baharijensis 1912VIII61 Destroyed, was last located at the Palaeontological Museum, Munich Cenomanian Bahariya Formation, Egypt Three caudal vertebrae, partial scapula, and two limb bones Holotype destroyed in WWII, multiple specimens have ben referred, but no neotype has been designated Reconstruction of the limb bones of the holotype Aeolosaurus colhuehuapensis UNPSJB-PV 959/1 to 959/27 National University of Patagonia San Juan Bosco Campanian Lago Colhué Huapí Formation, Patagonia Numerous caudal vertebrae Specimens were given unique numbers, but they collectively comprise a single holotype Aeolosaurus rionegrinus Jorge Gerold Museum Late Campanian Angostura Colorada Formation, Patagonia Several caudal vertebrae and limb elements Type species of Aeolosaurus as well as of the tribe "Aeolosaurini" Aepisaurus elephantinus BED01 University of Montpellier Albian Mont Ventoux Formation, France A humerus Part of the humerus has been lost, but a cast of the original complete bone is housed in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle A cast of the partially lost holotype on display Aetonyx palustris Syntypes: SAM 2768-2770 Iziko South African Museum Pliensbachian Upper Elliot Formation A few martial vertebrae, most of one arm, a shoulder, tibia, and several foot bones Subjective junior synonym of Massospondylus Agnosphytis cromhallensis VMNH 1745 Virginia Museum of Natural History Rhaetian Magnesian Conglomerate, England Partial hip Classification is uncertain, might be a theropod, a sauropodomorph, or a silesaurid Agrosaurus macgillivrayi BMNH 49984 Natural History Museum, London Uncertain, possibly Rhaetian Uncertain, possibly Magnesian Conglomerate, England Partial limb bones Originally reported from to be from Queensland, but later testing showed it was probably from England Agustinia ligabuei MCF-PVPH-110 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Albian Lohan Cura Formation, Patagonia Vertebrae and hip fragments with numerous hind limb elements Considered a nomen dubium by some Alamosaurus sanjuanensis Holotype: USNM 10486 Paratype: USNM 10487 Smithsonian Institution Maastrichtian Ojo Alamo Formation, New Mexico Holotype: Shoulder Paratype: Partial hip The holotype and paratype Algoasaurus bauri AMNH FR 5631 American Museum of Natural History Hauterivian Upper Kirkwood Formation, South Africa Partial femur, vertebra, and shoulder Illustration of the holotype material Aliwalia rex NMW 1886-XV-39, 1876-VII-B124 Natural History Museum, Vienna Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa Fragmentary femur Described as a giant herrerasaurid, but is now believed to be a junior synonym of Eucnemesaurus and the original description, which included a maxilla, was a chimera Alwalkeria maleriensis ISI R306 Indian Statistical Institute Carnian Lower Maleri Formation, India Partial skull, several vertebrae, a femur, and an astragalus Has been variously classified as a theropod, a sauropodomorph, and a basal saurischian, the holotype may also be a chimera Holotype elements individually labeled Amanzia greppini Syntypes: NMB M.H. 239, 245–246, 252–254, 258–260, 262, 264–271, 275–280, 282, 284–286, 291, 297, 300, 306, 324, 332, 339–342, 344–347, 349, 353–355, 358–359, 368–370, 372–374, 386-387 Natural History Museum Basel Kimmeridgian Reuchenette Formation, Switzerland Numerous vertebrae and partial limb bones Originally named as a species of Cetiosauriscus before being referred to Ornithopsis and then being given its own genus Hypothetical skeletal reconstruction with the type material in blue Amargasaurus cazaui MACN-N 15 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Barremian La Amarga Formation, Patagonia Partial skull, mostly articulated vertebra, partial hip, and limb fragments Vertebrae of the holotype, showing the neck spines Amargatitanis macni MACN PV N53 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Barremian La Amarga Formation, Patagonia Mostly complete hind limb with a partial hip and fragmentary vertebrae Originally had 3 syntypes (including MACM PV N34 and MACN PV N51), but these were later discovered to be from a different locality, so they were discarded as type specimens Diagram of the holotype material Amazonsaurus maranhensis MN 4555-V, 4556, 4558–60, 4562, 4564; UFRJ-DG 58-R/1-7 Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Aptian/Albian boundary Itapecuru Formation, Maranhão Partial hip, femur, and numerous vertebral fragments Specimens were given unique numbers, but they collectively comprise a single holotype Diagram of the holotype material Ammosaurus major YPM 208 Yale Peabody Museum Hettangian Portland Formation, Connecticut Postcranial elements Subjective junior synonym of Anchisaurus Ammosaurus solus YPM 209 Yale Peabody Museum Hettangian Portland Formation, Connecticut Partial skeleton including the skull Subjective junior synonym of Anchisaurus Ampelosaurus atacis MDE C3-247 Dinosauria Early Maastrichtian Marnes Rouges Inférieures Formation, France Three articulated vertebrae Amphicoelias altus AMNH 5764 American Museum of Natural History Tithonian Upper Morrison Formation, Colorado Two vertebrae, a partial hip and shoulder, limb fragments, and teeth The holotype vertebrae from multiple views Amphicoelias latus AMNH 5765 American Museum of Natural History Tithonian Upper Morrison Formation, Colorado Four caudal vertebrae Subjective junior syonym of Camarasaurus Amygdalodon patagonicus MLP 46-VIII-21-1 La Plata Museum Toarcian Cerro Carnerero Formation, Patagonia Partial shoulder and hip with several vertebrae, ribs, and teeth Considered a true sauropod by Pol et al. (2022) Holotype elements laid out individually Analong chuanjieensis LFGT LCD 9701–1 Lufeng Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Chuanjie Formation, Yunnan Partial postcranial skeleton Originally assigned to Chuanjiesaurus before being given its own genus Anchisaurus polyzelus Holotype: AM 41/109 Neotype: YPM 1883 Holotype: lost, was last known to be at the Beneski Museum of Natural History Neotype: Peabody Museum of Natural History Hettangian Portland Formation, Massachusetts Neotype: vertebrae, a partial shoulder and hips, a fore arm, and a hind limb Type species of Anchisaurus as well as of the clade "Anchisauria"; originally named Megadactylus before being referred to Amphisaurus and finally to Anchisaurus after both former genera were discovered to be preoccupied; A. colurus is an objective junior synonym An illustration of the skeleton by O.C. Marsh Andesaurus delgadoi MUCPv 132 National University of Comahue Cenomanian Candeleros Formation, Patagonia Numerous vertebrae, femur, humerus, a partial hip, and other limb fragments Angolatitan adamastor MGUAN-PA-003 Agostinho Neto University Coniacian Tadi Beds, Itombe Formation, Angola Ulna and radius Anhuilong diboensis AGB 5822 Shexian Museum Middle Jurassic (precise age not specified) Hongqin Formation, Anhui Mostly complete forelimb Diagram of the holotype material Antarctosaurus brasiliensis GP-RD-2, 3, and 4 University of São Paulo Uncertain, possibly Campanian to Maastrichtian, but possibly older Adamantina Formation, São Paulo Partial femur, humerus, and vertebra Possibly a nomen dubium, or may belong to its own genus Antarctosaurus giganteus MLP 26-316 La Plata Museum Coniacian or Santonian Plottier Formation, Patagonia Both femora, fragments of the tibia, ribs, and vertebrae with other unidentified fragments Some believe it represents a new genus; some regard it as a nomen dubium The holotype elements on display Antarctosaurus jaxarticus Not catalogued Unknown Santonian Syuksyuk Formation, Kazakhstan A femur May represent a distinct genus; may be a nomen nudum Antarctosaurus wichmannianus Syntypes: MACN 6904 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Early Campanian Anacleto Formation, Patagonia A hind limb, mostly complete fore limb, hip fragments, several vertebrae, and skull elements Type species of Antarctosaurus, the type series is not confidently assigned to a single individual Skeletal diagram of them holotype with unknown elements in grey Antetonitrus ingenipes BP/1/4952 Evolutionary Studies Institute Hettangian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial hind limb, fore limb, hip and shoulder fragments, and a few vertebrae The holotype material on a traveling display in Japan with a hypothetical reconstruction of the rest of the skeleton Apatosaurus ajax YPM 1860 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Partial hip Type species of Apatosaurus as well as of the subfamily "Apatosaurinae" Lateral view of the holotype hip bones Apatosaurus laticollis YPM 1861 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Several vertebrae Subjective junior synonym of A. louisiae Apatosaurus louisae CM 3018 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Tithonian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Utah Mostly complete skeleton lacking the skull The holotype on display in Philadelphia Apatosaurus minimus AMNH 675 American Museum of Natural History Tithonian Morrison Formation, Wyoming A set of vertebrae Has been variously found to be a species of Apatosaurus, an indeterminate diplodocoid, and a macronarian Arackar licanantay SNGM-1 Chilean National Museum of Natural History Campanian or Maastrichtian Hornitos Formation, Chile Several vertebrae, a humerus, femur, and partial hip Some of the holotype elements on display with a plastic model of the animal Aragosaurus ischiaticus "IG specimen" and "ZH specimen" Teruel Provincial Museum (IG specimen) and Galve Paleontological Museum (ZH specimen) Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain Fragmentary vertebrae, ribs, and hips with shoulder, humerus, and foot elements The holotype was partially collected by paleontologists and partially by private collectors, specimen is now housed in two different museums Archaeodontosaurus descouensi MHNDPal 2003-396 Toulouse Natural History Museum Bathonian Isalo III Formation, Madagascar Partial jaw with teeth The holotype jaw shown from multiple views Arcusaurus pereriabdalorum BP/1/6235 Evolutionary Studies Institute Pliensbachian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial skull Limb, hip, and vertebral material is known from the same locality, but it is not known if these are from the same animal as the holotype Argentinosaurus huinculensis MCF-PVPH 1 Carmen Funes Municipal Museum Cenomanian Huincul Formation, Patagonia Several dorsal vertebrae, a partial hip, and a fibula Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-HgpMBwzQS_dEprzx9M-bmGsyq8szn5Ep' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_b1010abd26ce.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. Known bones from Argentinosaurus with the holotype elements in white Argyrosaurus superbus MLP 77-V-29-1 La Plata Museum Campanian Lago Colhué Huapí Formation, Patagonia Complete fore limb The holotype limb shown from multiple views Arkharavia heterocoelica AEIM no. 2/418 Amur Natural History Museum Late Maastrichtian Udurchukan Formation, Amur A set of vertebrae Arrudatitan maximus MPMA 12-0001-97 Monte Alto Museum of Paleontology Late Campanian Adamantina Formation, Bauru Group, São Paulo Femora and partial hip with fragmentary rib, shoulder, and vertebral elements Originally described as a new species of Aeolosaurus before being given its own genus The holotype femur on display Asiatosaurus kwangshiensis IVPP V4794 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Aptian Xinlong Formation, Guangxi A tooth, three cervical vertebrae, and rib fragments Asiatosaurus mongoliensis AMNH 6264 American Museum of Natural History Uncertain, Early Cretaceous Öösh Formation, Mongolia A tooth Generally considered a nomen dubium The holotype tooth shown from multiple views Astrodon johnstoni YPM 798 Peabody Museum of Natural History Albian Arundel Formation, Maryland A tooth Official dinosaur of the state of Maryland; generally considered a nomen dubium The holotype tooth shown from multiple views Astrophocaudia slaughteri SMU 61732 and 203/73655 Southern Methodist University Albian Paluxy Formation, Texas Numerous vertebrae and ribs, a partial shoulder, and a tooth Originally referred to Pleurocoelus before being given its own genus; specimens were given unique numbers, but they collectively comprise a single holotype Asylosaurus yalensis Yale Peabody Museum Rhaetian Magnesian Conglomerate, England Partial torso including vertebrae, ribs, and hip bones with elements of the forelimb Atacamatitan chilensis SGO-PV-961 Chilean National Museum of Natural History Uncertain, Late Cretaceous Tolar Formation, Chile Vertebra fragments, a partial shoulder, and a femur The holotype elements individually laid out Atlantosaurus immanis YPM 1840 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Colorado Mostly complete hips and femur Now considered a nomen dubium An illustration of the holotype Atlantosaurus montanus Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Colorado Mostly complete hips Type species of Atlantosaurus; was originally referred to the genus Titanosaurus; generally considered a nomen dubium or a junior synonym of Apatosaurus ajax An illustration of the holotype Atlasaurus imelakei Not catalogued Rabat Earth Sciences Museum Bathonian Guettioua Formation, Morocco Mostly complete skeleton The holotype on display in Morocco Atsinganosaurus velauciensis VBN.93.01.a-d University of Poitiers Late Campanian Argiles et Grès à Reptiles Formation, France Several vertebrae One of the vertebra from the holotype Australodocus bohetii Holotype: HMN MB.R.2455 [G 70] Paratype: MB.R.2454 [G 69] Natural History Museum, Berlin Tithonian Upper Dinosaur Member, Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Two vertebrae The type series was described as a set of four vertebrae, but two were destroyed in WWII Holotype vertebra on display Australotitan cooperensis EMF102 Eromanga Natural History Museum Late Cenomanian Winton Formation, Queensland Mostly complete hips and fore limbs Specimen is nicknamed "Cooper" Diagram of the holotype elements Austroposeidon magnificus MCT 1628-R Earth Sciences Museum Late Campanian Presidente Prudente Formation, São Paulo Several cervical, dorsal, and sacral vertebrae with one rib One of the holotype vertebra from multiple views Austrosaurus mckillopi QM F2361 Queensland Museum Albian Allaru Formation, Queensland Vertebrae and rib fragments One of the vertebra from the holotype Baalsaurus mansillai MUCPv-1460 National University of Comahue Turonian or Coniacian Portezuelo Formation, Patagonia Partial jawbone The jaw of the holotype (top) Bagualia alba MPEF-PV 3301 Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio Toarcian Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia A partial skull with seven articulated vertebrae One of the teeth found in association with the holotype Bagualosaurus agudoensis UFRGS-PV-1099-T Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Carnian Candelária Formation, Rio Grande do Sul Partial skull and jaw, several vertebrae, and mostly complete hind limbs with hips Diagram of the holotype material with unknown elements in dark grey Bajadasaurus pronuspinax MMCh-PV 75 Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum Late Berriasian or Valanginian Bajada Colorada Formation, Patagonia Partial skull with jower jaw and several neck vertebrae Diagram showing each of the bones of the holotype individually Baotianmansaurus henanensis 41H III-0200 Henan Geological Museum Turonian Gaogou Formation, Henan Several vertebrae, ribs, and parts of the shoulder bones The holotype on display in China Barapasaurus tagorei ISI R 50 Indian Statistical Institute Lower Kota Formation, India A sacrum More than 300 bones from at least 6 individuals were found in association, but only a single sacrum was chosen as the holotype Barosaurus affinis YPM 412 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, South Dakota Two metatarsals Generally considered a junior synonym of B. lentus Barosaurus lentus YPM 429 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, South Dakota Several vertebrae, ribs, and limb bones Type species of Barosaurus, only six caudal vertebrae belonged to the original holotype, but more remains were excavated and assigned to the same specimen An illustration of some of the vertebrae from the original holotype by O.C. Marsh Barrosasaurus casamiquelai MCF-PVPH-447/1-3 Carmen Funes Municipal Museum Early Campanian Anacleto Formation, Patagonia Three dorsal vertebrae Two of the holotype vertebrae Bashunosaurus kaijiangensis Holotype: KM 20100 Paratype: KM 20103 Chongqing Museum of Natural History Callovian Lower Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Holotype: 14 vertebrae, a partial shoulder and hip, and a humerus, ulna, femur, tibia, and fibula Paratype: a partial hip bone Genus was originally named as a nomen nudum in 1989 before being given a formal description in 2004 Baurutitan britoi MCT 1490-R Earth Sciences Museum Maastrichtian Serra da Galga Formation, Minas Gerais 19 caudal vertebrae Several of the type vertebrae Bellusaurus sui IVPP V.8299 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Oxfordian Shishugou Formation, Xinjiang A partial maxilla and another skull fragment A reconstruction of the holotype material (in blue) Blikanasaurus cromptoni SAM K403 Iziko South African Museum Norian or Rhaetian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial hind limbs Type and only species of the family "Blikanosauridae" Bonatitan reigi MACN-PV RN 821 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Late Campanian Lower Member, Allen Formation, Patagonia A partial brain case Holotype originally included a vertebrae and limb bones, but these were later determined to be from a different individual Bonitasaura salagadoi MPCA 300 Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum Santonian Bajo de la Carpa Formation, Patagonia Skull and jaw fragments with 20 vertebrae and numerous ribs, a humerus, radius, femur, tibia, and several ankle bones The jaw material of te holotype Borealosaurus wimani LPM 0167 Liaoning Paleontological Museum Late Albian Sunjiawan Formation, Liaoning Caudal vertebrae, a humerus, and a tooth Bothriospondylus elongatus NHMUK R.2239 Natural History Museum, London Berriasian or Valanginian Wealden Group One vertebrae The specimen was originally part of the type series of Ornithopsis hulkei before being moved to the genus, may be a nomen dubium Bothriospondylus suffossus NHMUK R.44592-5 Natural History Museum, London Kimmeridgian Kimmeridge Clay, England Four dorsal vertebrae Type species of Bothriospondylus, may be a nomen dubium An illustration of the holotype Brachiosaurus altithorax FMNH P25107 Field Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Several vertebrae, the hips, a femur, a humerus, and a rib Type species of Brachiosaurus and of the family "Brachiosauridae"; has at least once been referred to. thegenus Astrodon, although this is not widely accepted Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-hHxKVhjJoBjvE97j5uzNAVWicGrVb27W' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_f06677e1f794.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. A diagram of all known specimens, with the holotype in white Brachiosaurus fraasi Not catalogued Natural History Museum, Berlin Kimmeridgian Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania A scapula and a humerus Brachiosaurus nougaredi Now lost, was last housed at the National Museum of Natural History, France Either the Late Jurassic or the Early Cretaceous Possibly the Taouratine Series, Algeria or the Kem Kem Group, Morocco A partial sacrum More bones were discovered with the holotype, but were not collected; may belong to a new genus A reconstruction of the lost holotype, with known elements in blue Brachytrachelopan mesai MPEF-PV 1716 Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio Uncertain, Late Jurassic (Oxfordian to Tithonian) Cañadón Calcáreo Formation, Patagonia Most of the cervical and dorsal vertebrae with ribs, the hips, and a partial femur and tibia A restoration of the whole skeleton based on the holotype Brasilotitan nemophagus MPM 125R Regional Provincial Museum of Father Jesus Molina Late Campanian Adamantina Formation, Bauru Group, São Paulo A jawbone, two vertebrae, a toe, and hip fragments Bravasaurus arrierosorum Holotype: CRILAR-Pv 612 Paratype: CRILAR-Pv 613 National University of La Rioja Campanian Ciénaga del Río Huaco Formation, Argentine Northwest Holotype: skull fragments, 12 vertebrae, several ribs, fragmentary arm bones, a partial hip, a femur, and both fibulae Paratype: a partial hip, a rib, a femur, and a tooth Brontomerus mcintoshi OMNH 66430 Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History Aptian Ruby Ranch Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah A partial left ilium More material was found associated with the holotype, believed to belong to two individuals, but only one bone was chosen as the holotype A photo of the holotype Brontosaurus amplus YPM 1981 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Wyoming Mostly complete skeleton lacking the skull Generally considered a junior synonym of B. excelsus (A. excelsus until recently) Brontosaurus excelsus YPM 1980 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Mostly complete skeleton lacking the skull Type species of Brontosaurus, later referred to Apatosaurus before the Brontosaurus genus was resurrected The holotype on display at the Yale Peabody Museum Brontosaurus parvus CM 566 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Lake Como Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Mostly complete skeleton lacking the skull, feet, and the end of the tail Originally named Elosaurus before being referred to Apatosaurus and later Brontosaurus Brontosaurus yahnahpin TATE-001 Casper College Kimmeridgian Lake Como Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Mostly complete skeleton Originally referred to the genus Apatosaurus and then to Eobrontosaurus before being referred to Brontosaurus Bruhathkayosaurus matleyi GSI PAL/SR/20 Now destroyed, was last held in the collections at the Geological Survey of India Maastrichtian Kallamedu Formation, India Hip fragments and partial leg bones Originally misclassified as a theropod before being recognized as a sauropod but was later thought to be a misidentified tree trunk; it has been re-identified as a sauropod in recent publications due to the emergence of new photos of the holotype before it was destroyed Buriolestes schultzi ULBRA-PVT280 Universidade Luterana do Brasil Carnian Santa Maria Formation, Rio Grande do Sul Partial skeleton with mostly complete skull, limbs, and vertebrae The holotype in situ Caieiria allocaudata MCT 1719-R Earth Sciences Museum Maastrichtian Serra da Galga Formation, Minas Gerais Ten caudal vertebrae Originally erected as the paratype of Trigonosaurus before being made the holotype of a new genus The vertebrae of the holotype arrayed and shown from multiple views Camarasaurus annae CM 8942 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Tithonian Morrison Formation, Utah A dorsal vertebra Probable junior synonym of C. lentus Camarasaurus grandis Holotype: YPM 1901 Paratypes: YPM 1903, 1905 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Holotype: mostly complete skeleton lacking the skull Paratypes: hips, a femur, shoulder bones, and numerous vertebrae Some authors consider YPM 1900 (the holotype of Morosaurus impar) as one of the paratypes of C. grandis Camarasaurus lentus YPM 1910 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimeridgian Lake Como Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Mostly complete skeleton lacking parts of the skull and several limb bones Camarasaurus leptodirus AMNH 5769 American Museum of Natural History Tithonian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado 3 cervical vertebrae Probable junior synonym of C. supremus Camarasaurus lewisi BYU 9047 BYU Museum of Paleontology Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Most of the vertebra and hips with a femur, radius, ulna, and several foot bones Originally given the genus Cathetosaurus before being referred to Camarasaurus, some authors still consider it a distinct genus A photo of the sacrum from the holotype Camarasaurus robustus YPM 1902 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Partial hip bone First named as a species of Morosaurus before being moved to Camarasaurus; now considered a junior synonym of C. grandis Camarasaurus supremus Holotype: AMNH 5760 Topotype: AMNH 5761 American Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado A composite skeleton from at least two individuals, including almost every bone Type species of Camarasaurus and of the family "Camarasauridae" and the clade "Camarasauromorpha" The bones of the holotype in situ during excavation Camelotia borealis Syntypes: SAM 3449 and SAM 3450 Iziko South African Museum Rhaetian or Hettangian Westbury Formation, Penarth Group, England Hind limb and hip bones with fragmentary vertebrae and ribs It is not certain if the rocks the syntypes were taken from date to the late Triassic or very early Jurassic An illustration of the femur from the type series Campylodoniscus ameghinoi MACN A-IOR63 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Cenomanian Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Partial maxilla with associated teeth Originally named Campylodon, but the genus was preoccupied by a fish; may be a nomen dubium A speculative reconstruction of the skull, with known elements in light blue Cardiodon rugulosus Not catalogued Now lost, was last kept at the Natural History Museum, London Bathonian Forest Marble Formation, England A tooth Sometimes referred to Cetiosaurus; the holotype has since been lost Cathartesaura anaerobica MPCA 232 Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum Cenomanian to Coniacian Huincul Formation, Patagonia Five vertebrae, a shoulder and hop bone, and a femur, with other poorly-preserved fragments A diagram of one of the vertebrae from the holotype Caulodon diversidens AMNH 5768 American Museum of Natural History Exact age unknown, Kimmeridgian or Tithonian Morrison Formation, Colorado Eight teeth Probable junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremus An illustration of the holotype teeth Caulodon leptoganus AMNH 5769 American Museum of Natural History Exact age unknown, Kimmeridgian or Tithonian Morrison Formation, Colorado Two teeth Probable junior synonym of Camarasaurus supremusTwo teeth Cedarosaurus weiskopfae DMNH 39045 Denver Museum of Nature and Science Valanginian Yellow Cat Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah Mostly complete skeleton lacking the head and neck Originally referred to Pleurocoelus before being given its own genus The bones of the holotype laid out next to its describers Cetiosauriscus leedsi or C. leedsii BMNH R1988 Natural History Museum, London Callovian Oxford Clay Formation, England (possibly Kellaways Formation) Two hip bones Possibly a nomen dubium; originally referred to Cetiosaurus before being given its own genus; formerly the type species of Cetiosauriscus before the ICZN changed this designation due to the incompleteness of the fossil compared to C. stewarti Cetiosauriscus stewarti NHMUK R3078 Natural History Museum, London Callovian Peterborough Member, Oxford Clay Formation, England Most of the hips, a leg, an arm, and the tail Originally referred to Cetiosaurus before being given its own genus; new type species of Cetiosauriscus by ruling of the ICZN An illustration of the holotype articulated Cetiosaurus brachyurus BMNH collections, not catalogued May be lost, was last known to be at the Natural History Museum, London Uncertain, Early Cretaceous Hastings Beds, Wealden Group, England Two partial vertebrae Nomen dubium, material might be from an indeterminate sauropod or an Iguanodon Cetiosaurus brevis BMNH 2544-2550 Natural History Museum, London Valanginian Hastings Beds, Wealden Group, England Several caudal vertebrae Type series originally contained more specimens, but these were later shown to belong to Iguanodon and were discarded; C. conybeari is an objective junior synonym of C. brevis, which may itself be a junior synonym of Pelorosaurus Cetiosaurus glymptonensis OUMNH J13750-13758 Oxford University Museum of Natural History Uncertain Unknown, near Glympton Nine caudal vertebrae Was briefly referred to the genus Cetiosauriscus, but probably represents a distinct genus Cetiosaurus longus Not catalogued Unknown, believed to be in the collections of the Oxford University Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Portland Stone Formation, England Two partial vertebrae Generally considered a nomen dubium An illustration of the holotype vertebrae before they were lost Cetiosaurus medius Syntypes: OUMNH J13693-13712, J13721, J13748, J13877 Oxford University Museum of Natural History Uncertain Uncertain, near Chipping Norton, England 11 tail vertebrae and several bones of the feet Original type species of Cetiosaurus, but is now considered a nomen dubium Cetiosaurus mogrebensis Syntypes: El Mers N°1-N°8 Not listed Bathonian El Mers Group, Morocco Vertebrae and leg bones Probably represents a distinct genus Cetiosaurus oxoniensis Lectotype: OUMNH J13605-13613, 13615–13616, 13619–13688, 13899 Paralectotypes: OUMNH J13614, 13617–8, 13780–1, 13596 Oxford University Museum of Natural History Bathonian Forest Marble Formation, England Lectotype: numerous vertebrae, shoulder elements, most of the hips, arms, and several leg bones Paralectotypes: partial shoulder, femur, humerus, a braincase, and several bones from a small individual New type species of Cetiosaurus and of the family "Cetiosauridae" Some of the type material on display Chebsaurus algeriensis D001-01 to 78 Research & Development Center of Sonatrach Callovian Aïssa Formation, Algeria Vertebrae, a partial shoulder, limb bones, a partial skull, and several teeth Chiayusaurus asianensis KPE 8001 Kyungpook National University Museum Aptian-Albian Hasandong Formation, South Korea A tooth May be a nomen dubium Chiayusaurus lacustris Not catalogued Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Barremian Xinminbao Group, Gansu A tooth Type species of Chiayusaurus; originally named as "Chiayüsaurus", but the ICZN does not permit special characters; may be a nomen dubium Chinshakiangosaurus chunghoensis IVPP V14474 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Pliensbachian Fengjiahe Formation, Yunnan Hind limbs, mostly complete hips and shoulders with numerous vertebrae and a jawbone Choconsaurus baileywillisi MMCh-PV 44/10 Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum Cenomanian Huincul Formation, Patagonia Numerous disarticulated vertebrae, a partial shoulder, scattered ribs, and the bones of a hand Chondrosteosaurus gigas BMNH 46869 Natural History Museum, London Hauterivian Wessex Formation, Wealden Group, England A partial vertebrae Illustration of the holotype Chromogisaurus novasi PVSJ 845 Universidad Nacional de San Juan Carnian Cancha de Bochas Member, Ischigualasto Formation, Argentine Northwest Hip and hind limb bones with fragmentary vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material Chuanjiesaurus anaensis Lfch 1001 Lufeng World Dinosaur Valley Bajocian Chuanjie Formation, Yunnan A series of vertebrae, shoulder bones, several bones of the fore limb, and mostly complete hips and hind limbs Additional material was originally included in the holotype, but these were later determined to belong to a second individual and were separated from the type specimen Chubutisaurus insignis MACN 18.222 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Albian Cerro Barcino Formation, Patagonia A femur, humerus, radius, scapula, tibia, vertebra and hip elements, and bones of the feet An illustration of the scapula from the holotype Chucarosaurus diripienda Holotype: MPCA PV 820 Paratype: MPCA PV 821 Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum Cenomanian Huincul Formation, Patagonia Holotype: several partial leg and hip bones Paratype: a partial tibia Digital reconstruction of the holotype Chuxiongosaurus lufengensis CXM-LT9401 Chuxiong Prefectural Museum Hettangian Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Nearly complete skull missing lower jaw Subjective junior synonym of Jingshanosaurus Clasmodosaurus spatula Not catalogued Personal collection of Florentino Ameghino Cenomanian Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Three fragmentary teeth Was originally believed to be a carnosaur or a coelurosaur; considered a nomen dubium by some Coloradisaurus brevis PVL 3967 National University of Tucumán Norian Los Colorados Formation, Argentine Northwest Mostly complete skull, more matieral awaiting description Originally given the genus name Coloradia before this name was discovered to be occupied by a moth and it was renamed Diagram of the holotype material with missing elements in dark grey Comahuesaurus windhauseni MOZ-PV 6722 Dr. Juan A. Olsacher Provincial Museum of Natural Sciences Late Aptian Lohan Cura Formation, Patagonia Scattered vertebrae, a humerus, most of the hips, and other limb fragments Digital reconstruction of the holotype material Daanosaurus zhangi ZDM 0193 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Kimmeridgian Upper Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan A broken skull, 20+ vertebrae, a femur, and ribs Holotype is believed to be a juvenile, no adult specimens known Dashanpusaurus dongi Holotype: ZDM 5028 Paratype: ZDM 5027 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Holotype: most of the vertebrae, an ulna, femur, tibia, and partial hip Paratype: another series of vertebrae, a humerus, and a radius Datousaurus bashanensis IVPP V.7262-7263 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan A fragmentary skull with a mostly complete post-cranial skeleton The skull from the holotype in situ Daxiatitan binglingi GSLTZP03-001 Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration Academy of Gansu Barremian Hekou Group, Gansu 22 vertebrae, a shoulder bone, and a femur, with rib fragments A restored skeleton on display in Anhui, based on the holotype Demandasaurus darwini MDS−RVII Salas de los Infantes Dinosaur Museum Late Barremian Castrillo de la Reina Formation, Spain Skull and lower jaw fragments with teeth, 33 vertebrae, a partial hip, several ribs, and a femur Digital reconstruction of the holotype material Diamantinasaurus matildae Holotype and paratypes: AODF 603 Australian Age of Dinosaurs Cenomanian Winton Formation, Queensland Holotype: several fragmentary ribs, most of the arms bones, a mostly complete hip, and a single hind limb Paratypes: six vertebrae, a radius, and a finger bone Type genus of the clade "Diamantinasauria" Left and right lateral views of the type material Dicraeosaurus hansemanni "Skeleton m", no specimen number given Natural History Museum, Berlin Kimmeridgian Middle Dinosaur Member, Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Mostly complete skeleton with a partial skull but lacking the front limbs Type species of Dicraeosaurus as well as of the family "Dicraeosauridae" and the subfamily "Dicraeosaurinae" A diagram of known material with the holotype in brown Dicraeosaurus sattleri "Skeleton M", no specimen number given Natural History Museum, Berlin Kimmeridgian Midd;le Dinosaur Member, Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Partial vertebral series with complete hips and a femur A diagram of known material with the holotype elements in red Dinhierosaurus lourinhanensis ML 414 Museu da Lourinhã Tithonian Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member, Lourinhã Formation, Portugal Seven dorsal vertebrae More material was found associated with the holotype, but these were not included within the type specimen; originally assigned to the genus Lourinhasaurus before being given its own genus; subjective junior synonym of Supersaurus A digital illustration of several of the holotype vertebrae Dinodocus mackesoni NHMUK 14695 Natural History Museum, London Aptian or Albian Lower Greensand Group, England Shoulder and hip bones with a humerus, ulnba, tibia, fibula, a partial femur, and several metatarsals Originally described as a specimen of the pliosaurid Polyptychodon before being referred to Pelorosaurus and then being given its own genus; subjective junior synonym of Pelorosaurus; may be a nomen dubium An illustration of the holotype humerus Diplodocus carnegii Holotype: CM 84 Paratype: CM 94 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Talking Rocks Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming Two mostly complete skeletons with the skulls Was proposed to be designated the new type species of Diplodocus, but this was rejected by the ICZN Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-0OmZ6ZVkuHkk4uUliWIKo6gJNjStSqUS' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_418b405cadc4.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. A diagram of known material with the holotype elements in green and the paratype in yellow Diplodocus hallorum NMMNH P-3690 National Museum of Natural History, Paris Kimmeridgian Jackpile Sandstone Member, Morrison Formation, New Mexico 32 vertebrae, a partial hip, and several ribs Originally named Seismosaurus halli, but the species name was changed to "hallorum" to be more grammatically correct; was once considered a junior synonym of Supersaurus, but was later referred to the genus Diplodocus Diplodocus lacustris YPM 1922 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado A lower jaw, a partial maxilla, and associated teeth Nomen dubium, some have suggested that the type material may belong to Camarasaurus Diplodocus longus YPM VP 1920 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Two complete vertebrae with other fragmentary elements Type species of Diplodocus as well as of the superfamily "Diplodocoidea", the family "Diplodocidae", and the subfamily "Diplodocinae"; D. longus is considered by some to be dubious, although some regard it as valid; additional material was once considered part of the holotype, but it is uncertain if these bones are from the same individual Illustration of the holotype by O.C. Marsh Dongbeititan dongi DNHM D2867 Dalian Natural History Museum Barremian Jianshangou Bed, Yixian Formation, Liaoning Numerous vertebrae with a partial shoulder, hip, a complete hind limb, a femur, and a few ribs Dongyangosaurus sinensis DYM 04888 Dongyang Museum Cenomanian Jinhua Formation, Zhejiang A complete pelvis with several articulated vertebrae The holotype on display Dreadnoughtus schrani Holotype: MPM-PV 1156 Paratype: MPM-PV 3546 Regional Provincial Museum of Father Jesus Molina Campanian or Maastrichtian Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Patagonia Holotype: ostly complete skeleton lacking most of the neck and head Paratype: several vertebrae, ribs, a mostly complete pelvis, and a femur Diagram of the material known from the holotype Drusilasaura deseadensis MPM-PV 2097/1 to 2097/19 Regional Provincial Museum of Father Jesus Molina Uncertain, possibly Cenomanian or Turonian Upper Member, Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Eleven vertebrae, a shoulder bone, and fragments of ribs Duriatitan humerocristatus BMNH 44635 Natural History Museum, London Kimmeridgian Kimmeridge Clay, England A humerus Originally named as a new species of Cetiosaurus before being referred to its own genus An illustration of the holotype shown from multiple views Dyslocosaurus polyonychius AC 663 Beneski Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Wyoming A complete fore limb and hind limb Was originally believed to be from the Maastrichtian-aged Lance Formation or the Early Cretaceous Cloverly Formation; holotype may be a chimera including toe bones from a theropod The holotype on display in Amherst Dystrophaeus viaemalae USNM 2364 Smithsonian Institution Oxfordian Tidwell Member, Morrison Formation, Wyoming A partial vertebra and shoulder with an ulna, radius, and three metacarpals Additional material has been recovered from the same locality as the holotype, considered a nomen dubium by some authors The bones of the holotype laid out individually Dystylosaurus edwini BYU 5750 BYU Museum of Paleontology Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado A set of dorsal vertebrae Now widely considered a junior synonym of Supersaurus Dzharatitanis kingi USNM 538127 Smithsonian Institution Turonian Bissekty Formation, Uzbekistan A caudal vertebra The holotype vertebra shown from multiple views Efraasia minor Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History Norian Stubensandstein Member, Lower Löwenstein Formation, Germany Partial hip, a hind limb, and a few vertebrae Originally described as a species of the pseudosuchian Teratosaurus before being moved to the genus Sellosaurus and then Palaeosaurus until the new genus "Efraasia" was created Elaltitan lilloi PVL 4628, MACN-CH 217 National University of Tucumán and Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Late Cenomanian or Turonian Lower Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Vertebrae, mostly complete fore limbs, a shoulder, partial hip, and hind limb elements An illustration of the holotype with known elements in blue Eomamenchisaurus yuanmouensis CXMVZA 165 Chuxiong Prefectural Museum Uncertain, middle Jurassic Zhanghe Formation, Yunnan Mostly complete hips, a femur, and a tibia Eoraptor lunensis PVSJ 512 Universidad Nacional de San Juan Carnian Cancha de Bochas Member, Ischigualasto Formation, Argentine Northwest Mostly complete articulated skeleton Has been variously classified as a sauropodomorph, a theropod, and a basal saurischian; the most recent analyses repeatedly suggest it is an early sauropodomorph Holotype specimen on display in San Juan, Argentina Epachthosaurus sciuttoi Holotype: MACN-CH 1317 Paratype: MACN-CH 18689 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Turonian Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Holotype: one vertebra Paratype: partial hip and several more vertebrae Originally referred to Antarctosaurus and then to Argyrosaurus before being given its own genus Vertebrae from the paratype Erketu ellisoni IGM 100/1803 Mongolian Academy of Sciences Uncertain (Cenomanian to Coniacian?) Bayan Shireh Formation, Mongolia Numerous cervical vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material with unknown material in gray Eucamerotus foxi NHMUK R.2522 Natural History Museum, London Barremian Wessex Formation, England Single fragmentary vertebra Was originally not given a species name, has been synonymized with Ornithopsis and Pelorosaurus, but subsequent authors consider it a valid genus Eucnemesaurus entaxonis BP/1/6234 Evolutionary Studies Institute Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa Vertebrae, a partial hip, and a mostly complete hind limb Eucnemesaurus fortis TrM 119 Transvaal Museum Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa A partial hip, a few vertebrae, and several limb elements Type species of Eucnemesaurus An illustration of one of the holotype limb bones Euhelopus zdanskyi PMU 24705 Museum of Evolution of Uppsala University Berriasian or Valanginian Meng-Yin Formation, Shandong Numerous vertebrae, a femur, and a partial skull including lower jaw Type species of the family "Euhelopodidae" CT scans of the holotype skull from multiple views Europasaurus eastwoodi DFMMh/FV 291 Dinosaur Park Münchehagen Kimmeridgian Süntel Formation, Germany Disarticulated skull with numerous teeth, vertebrae, and ribs Part of the holotype was destroyed before it was formally described Two vertebrae of the holotype shown mid-preparation Euskelosaurus africanus SAM 3608 Iziko South African Museum Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa A partial hip Generally considered a nomen dubium Euskelosaurus browni or E. bornwii BMNH R1625 Natural History Museum, London Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa Fragmentary vertebra, leg bones, and a partial hip Type species of Euskelosaurus; may be a nomen dubium or a junior synonym of Plateosauravus; has also been spelled "Euskelesaurus" by some authors Ferganasaurus verzilini PIN N 3042/1 Russian Academy of Sciences Callovian Balabansai Formation, Kyrgyzstan Several vertebrae with hip and limb bones Fukuititan nipponensis FPDM-V8468 Fukui Prefectural Dinosaur Museum Aptian Kitadani Formation, Japan Mostly complete shoulder, fore limb, and hind limb, with vertebral fragments The disarticulated holotype material on display in Japan Fulengia youngi CUP 2037 Fu Jen Catholic University Early Jurassic Lufeng Formation, Yunnan A skull, a vertebra, and some unidentified fragments Subjective junior synonym of Lufengosaurus; originally believed to be aa lizard before later being recognized as a juvenile sauropodomorph Fushanosaurus qitaiensis FH000101 Fushan Museum Oxfordian Shishugou Formation, Xinjiang A femur Futalognkosaurus dukei MUCPv-323 National University of Comahue Turonian Portezuelo Formation, Patagonia Four disarticulated vertebrae and a mostly complete hip Diagram of the holotype material with a human silhouette for scale Galeamopus hayi HMNS 175 (=CM 662) Houston Museum of Natural Science Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Wyoming Partial skeleton with preserved skull< Type species of Galeamopus, originally Diplodocus hayi The holotype mounted in a museum display Galeamopus pabsti USNM V 2673 (=SMA 0011) Aathal Dinosaur Museum Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Wyoming Complete skull and most of the anterior half of the skeleton Specimen nicknamed "Max" The holotype skull on display Galvesaurus herreroi or Galveosaurus herreroi CLH-16 Galve Museum of Paleontology Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain Several vertebrae Gandititan cavocaudatus JXGM-F-V1 Jiangxi Geological Museum Cenomanian or Turonian Zhoutian Formation, Jiangxi Numerous vertebrae, some ribs, and a partial hip Garrigatitan meridionalis MMS / VBN.09.17 Velaux-La Bastide Neuve Campanian Argiles et Grès à Reptiles Formation, France A vertebra, two humeri, and hip elements Garumbatitan morellensis Holotype: SAV05-021, 023–031, 039–045, 048–050, 055, 060–071, SAV08-040, 100-104 Paratype: SAV05-013, 031a, 031b, 032–038, 046-047 Tremps Museum of Dinosaurs Late Barremian Arcillas de Morella Formation, Spain Holotype: numerous articulated vertebrae, ribs, a partial shoulder, most of the hind limbs, and several hip bones Paratype: several ribs and two almost complete hind limbs All bones of the holotype are believed to be from a single individual, the rest of the bones found at the locality form the paratype Gigantosaurus megalonyx Syntypes: CAMSM J.29477 to J.29483 Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences Kimmeridgian Kimmeridge Clay Formation, England Fragments of limb bones and vertebrae Generally considered a nomen dubium, has been subsequently synonymized with Ornithopsis and Pelorosaurus The type series Gigantoscelus molengraaffi TrM 65 Transvaal Museum Hettangian or Sinemurian Bushveld Sandstone, South Africa Partial femur Giraffatitan brancai Lectotype: MB.R.2180 Paralectotype: MB.R.2181 Natural History Museum, Berlin Tithonian Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Majority of the skeleton The type specimens on display with missing elements filled in Glacialisaurus hammeri FMNH PR1823 Field Museum of Natural History Pliensbachian Hanson Formation, Antarctica Partial ankle, foot, and femur One of the feet from the holotype from multiple views Gobititan shenzhouensis IVPP 12579 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Aptian Xiagou Formation, Xinminbao Group, Gansu 41 vertebrae and a mostly complete hind limb Gondwanatitan faustoi MN 4111-V National Museum of Brazil Late Campanian Adamantina Formation, São Paulo Mostly complete skeleton Gonxianosaurus shibeiensis Holotype and paratype: never catalogued, possibly lost Sichuan Geological Survey Toarcian Dongyuemiao Member, Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan Partial skull, several vertebrae, partial pelvis, ribs, and limb elements Gresslyosaurus ingens NMB BM 1, 10, 24, 53, 530–1, 1521, 1572–74, 1576–78, 1582, 1584–85, 1591 Natural History Museum Bamberg Sevatian (a.k.a. late Norian) Knollenmergel Member, Trossingen Formation, Switzerland Scattered postcranial elements including partial vertebrae, pedal elements, and long bone fragments Type species of Gresslyosaurus, may belong to the genus Plateosaurus, originally named "Dinosaurus gresslyi" but this name was never accompanied by a formal description, so it remains a nomen nudum The holotype on display Gresslyosaurus plieningeri SMNS 80664 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Norian Knollenmergel Member, Trossingen Formation, Germany May belong to the genus Plateosaurus Gryponyx africanus SAM 3357-3359 Iziko South African Museum Sinemurian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Most of the hips and hind limbs, both hands, and some vertebrae Originally believed to be a theropod, but is now known to be a sauropodomorph; subjective junior synonym of Massospondylus An illustration of some of the bones of the type series Gryponyx taylori SAM 3453 Iziko South African Museum Sinemurian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa A partial hip and associated vertebrae Subjective junior synonym of Massospondylus Guaibasaurus candelariensis Holotype: MCN PV2355 Paratype: MCN PV2356 Museum of Natural Sciences of the Zoobotanica Foundation of Rio Grande do Sul Norian Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande do Sul Holotype: numerous partial vertebrae, 5 ribs, shoulder and hip elements, partial femora and other long bones, and most of both feet Paratype: a mostly complete articulated hind limb Type species of the family "Guaibasauridae", has sometimes been suggested to be a theropod, but this is not the scientific consensus Diagram of all known material, including the holotype Gyposaurus capensis SAM 990 Iziko South African Museum Early Jurassic Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Several vertebrae and ribs, shoulder and hip bones, a femur, fibula, and foot bones Originally named as a species of Hortalotarsus before being given its own genus; has also been synonymized with Anchisaurus and Massospondylus by some authors Gyposaurus sinensis Syntypes: IVPP AS V.24 Geological Museum of China Hettangian Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Jaw fragments and a mostly complete post-cranial skeleton Referred to as "Gripposaurus" in a publication, but this is a nomen nudum; has also been referred to the genus Lufengosaurus, but some researchers believe this taxon represents a distinct genus The type series on display in Beijing Haestasaurus becklesii NHMUK R1870 Natural History Museum, London Berriasian Hastings Beds, Wealden Group, England Mostly complete forelimb with skin impressions Originally named as a species of Pelorosaurus before being given its own genus One of the humeri from the holotype from multiple views Hamititan xinjiangensis HM V22 Hami Museum Barremian or Aptian Shengjinkou Formation, Xinjiang Several caudal vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material Haplocanthosaurus delfsi CMNH 10380 Cleveland Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Salt Wash Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Numerous vertebrae, limb bones, and ribs Haplocanthosaurus priscus CM 572 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Numerous vertebrae, ribs, a mostly complete hip and isolated limb bones Type species of Haplocanthosaurus, originally named Haplocanthus before it was discovered that that genus was preoccupied Diagram of the holotype material in situ Haplocanthosaurus utterbacki CM 879/10380 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Mostly complete skeleton Sometimes considered a junior synonym of H. priscus Diagram of the holotype material Histriasaurus boscarollii WN V-6 Zagreb Institute of Geology Hatuverian Unnamed formation, Istarska, Croatia A set of vertebrae One of the holotype vertebrae Hortalotarsus skirtopodus AM 455 Albany Museum, South Africa Sinemurian Clarens Formation, South Africa A tibia, fibula, and several phalanges Originally referred to the genus Thecodontosaurus before being given its own genus, may be a nomen dubium, many more bones were found associated with the holotype, but they were destroyed during excavation by a gunpowder explosion in an attempt to free the specimen from the rock An illustration of the holotype elements with each bone labeled Huabeisaurus allocotus HBV-20001 Shijiazhuang University Museum Campanian Upper Member, Huiquanpu Formation, Shanxi Numerous vertebrae and chevrons, ribs, a partial hip, and several limb elements Diagram of the holotype elements in situ Huanghetitan liujiaxiaensis GSLTZP02-001 Gansu Geological Museum Barremian Upper Hekou Group, Gansu Two caudal vertebrae and a mostly complete hip with shoulder and rib fragments Type species of Huanghetitan Huanghetitan ruyangensis 41HIII-0001 Henan Geological Museum Aptian or Albian Haoling Formation, Henan Articulated vertebral segment with ribs May belong to its own genus Huangshanlong anhuiensis AGB 5818 Anhui Paleontological Museum Uncertain, Middle Jurassic Hongqin Formation, Anhui Mostly complete fore limb Diagram of the holotype material Hudiesaurus sinojapanorum IVPP V 11120 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Kimmeridgian or Tithonian Hongshan Formation, Xinjiang A cervical vertebra Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-3AVfa2Aryh0zz59EJWagckBvC57lgT2w' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_13edc1154832.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. Diagram of the holotype material Hypselosaurus priscus Not catalogued National Museum of Natural History, France Maastrichtian Argiles et Grès à Reptiles Formation, France Vertebrae and limb elements Illustration of the holotype material Ibirania parva LPP-PV-0200– 0207 Federal University of São Carlos Santonian São José do Rio Preto Formation, São Paulo Partial vertebrae, a radius, ulna, and elements of the feet Igai semkhu VB 621–640 Technical University of Berlin Campanian Quseir Formation, Egypt Five fragmentary vertebrae, shoulder and fore limb elements, hip fragments, both tibiae, a fibula, and three metatarsals Specimen was heavily damaged by weathering due to improper storage conditions between its discovery in 1977 and its description in 2023 Ignavusaurus rachelis BM HR 20 National Museum of Natural History, France Hettangian Upper Elliot Formation, Lesotho Extremely fragmentary skull with numerous teeth, most of the dorsal vertebrae, most of the left arm and shoulder, complete hips, both femora, and the lower right leg Holotype is known to be a juvenile and has been suggested to be a junior synonym of Massospondylus Inawentu oslatus MAU-Pv-LI-595 Urquiza Argentine Museum Santonian Bajo de la Carpa Formation, Patagonia Mostly complete skull, nearly complete vertebral series, and hip bones Ingentia prima PVSJ 1086 National University of San Juan Rhaetian Quebrada del Barro Formation, Argentine Northwest Most of the cervical vertebrae, a nearly complete fore limb, and a shoulder fragment Some of the holotype vertebrae which were found articulated Irisosaurus yimenensis CVEB 21901 Yunnan University Hettangian Fengjiahe Formation, Yunnan Several scattered vertebrae, a partial rostrum, both fore limbs and shoulders, and fragments from the hip, foot, and dentary Diagram of all the material of the holotype Isanosaurus attavipachi CH4 Fossil collection of the Department of Mineral Resources of Thailand Pliensbachian Nam Phong Formation, Thailand A femur, partial shoulder, and several disarticulated vertebrae and ribs The femur of the holotype on display Isisaurus colberti ISI R 335/1-65 Indian Statistical Institute Maastrichtian Lameta Formation, India Most of the vertebrae with a mostly complete fore limb, shoulder, and a partial pelvis Originally named Titanosaurus colberti before being given its own genus Issi saaneq Holotype: NHMD 164741 Paratype: NHMD 164758 Natural History Museum of Denmark Middle Norian Fleming Fjord Formation, Greenland Holotype: a mostly complete skull Paratype: a second skull Digital model of the skull from multiple views Itapeuasaurus cajapioensis Holotype: UFMA. 1.10.1960-1, 3–5, 8 Paratype: UFMA. 1.10.1960-2, 6, and 9-11 Federal University of Maranhão Cenomanian Alcântara Formation, Maranhão Holotype: six partial vertebrae Paratype: chevrons with a partial hip Diagram of the holotype material Iuticosaurus lydekkeri Lectotype: BMNH R146a Natural History Museum, London Uncertain (Albian to Cenomanian?) Upper Greensand Formation, England A caudal vertebra Originally referred to Ornithopsis and then to Titanosaurus before being referred to the genus Iuticosaurus as a new species Iuticosaurus valdensis Lectotype: BMNH 151 Natural History Museum, London Barremian Wessex Formation, England A caudal vertebra Type species of Iuticosaurus, riginally referred to Ornithopsis and then to Titanosaurus before being given its own genus, the presumed paralectotype was given its own species, I. lydekkeri Illustration of the holotype vertebra Jainosaurus septentionalis Lectotype: GSI IM K27/497 Paralectotypes: GSI K20/317, 326, 647, and K27/425, 490–492, 496 Geological Survey of India Maastrichtian Lameta Formation, India Lectotype: a braincase Paralectotypes: several vertebrae, ribs fragments, and two arm bones Originally named as a species of Antarctosaurus before being given its own genus Jaklapallisaurus asymmetrica Holotype: ISI R273/1-3 Paratype: ISI R273/4-15 Indian Statistical Institute Late Norian to Early Rhaetian Upper Maleri Formation, India Holotype: an ilium, femur, and other partial leg elements Paratype: several vertebrae, hip elements, and bones from the lower fore limbs and hind limbs The holotype and paratype were both found in association, but only the articulated elements were designated as the holotype because the paratypes are from multiple individuals Janenschia robusta SMNS 12144 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Tithonian Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Mostly complete hind limb Was originally named Gigantosaurus robustus, but the name was preoccupied so it was later referred to Tornieria and then to Barosaurus before being given its own genus The holotype in situ on display in Germany Jiangshanosaurus xidiensis ZNM M1322 Zhejiang Museum of Natural History Cenomanian Jinhua Formation, Zhejiang Several vertebrae, a shoulder, a partial hip, and a femur Jiangxititan ganzhouensis NHMG 034062 Natural History Museum of Guangxi Maastrichtian Nanxiong Formation, Jiangxi 7 articulated vertebrae with 6 ribs Jingshanosaurus xinwaensis LFGT-ZLJ0113 Lufeng World Dinosaur Valley Hettangian Shawan Member, Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Nearly complete skeleton including the skull and mandible Jobaria tiguidensis MNN TIG3 Musée National Boubou Hama Uncertain (Callovian to Late Jurassic?) Tiourarén Formation, Niger Mostly complete skeleton A cast of the head from the holotype on display Kaatedocus siberi SMA 0004 Aathal Dinosaur Museum Kimmeridgian Lower Morrison Formation, Wyoming Skull and postcranial fragments Most of the bones of the original specimen were destroyed in a fire at the AMNH in the 1940s Skull of the holotype from multiple views Kaijutitan maui MAU-Pv-CM-522 Urquiza Argentine Municipal Museum Coniacian Sierra Barrosa Formation, Patagonia Partial skull with fragmentary postcrania including ribs, vertebrae, long bones, and other unidentified fragments Karongasaurus gittelmani Mal-175 Malawi Department of Antiquities Uncertain (Barremian to Aptian?) Dinosaur Beds, Malawi Partial dentary with associated teeth The jaw and teeth of the holotype shown from multiple views Katepensaurus goicoecheai UNPSJB-PV 1007 National University of Patagonia San Juan Bosco Cenomanian to Turonian Lower Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia A series of disarticulated vertebrae with unidentified fragments The holotype vertebrae laid out individually and labeled Kholumolumo ellenbergerorum Holotype: MNHN.F.LES381m Paratypes: MNHN.F.LES26, 29, 32, 54, 76–77, 81–82, 89, 92–93, 147, 152–153, 155, 159, 168–169, 375a, 376, 378–379, 386, 394, and 397 National Museum of Natural History, France Rhaetian Lower Elliot Formation, Lesotho Holotype: complete tibia Paratypes: partial skull, numerous vertebrae, a partial shoulder, a humerus, ulna, several hand bones, a partial hip, most of the right hind limb, and the left metatarsals Kotasaurus yamanpalliensis 21/SR/PAL Birla Science Museum Sinemurian to Pliensbachian Kota Formation, India Most of the skeleton lacking the skull The holotype on display and mounted with a hypothetical skull Lamplughsaura dharmaramensis ISI R257 Indian Statistical Institute Sinemurian Upper Dharmaram Formation, India Most of the vertebrae, several ribs, shoulder and hip elements, both humeri, other hand bones, and most of the legs Laplatasaurus araukanicus Lectotype: MLP 26-306 La Plata Museum Campanian Anacleto Formation, Patagonia A tibia and fibula No holotype was originally designated when it was described; has also been referred to the genus Titanosaurus, but this is not universally accepted An illustration of the holotype in lateral view Lapparentosaurus madagascariensis MAA 91-92 National Museum of Natural History, Paris Bathonian Isalo III Formation, Madagascar Two partial vertebrae Originally named as a new species of Bothriospondylus before being given its own genus Lavocatisaurus agrioensis MOZ-Pv1232 Museum of Dr. Juan A. Olsacher Aptian Rayoso Formation, Patagonia Mostly complete head and neck, a shoulder, a fore arm, ribs, leg bones, and part of the tail Ledumahadi mafube BP/1/7120 Evolutionary Studies Institute Hettangian Elliot Formation, South Africa Several vertebrae, a hip bone, and limb fragments Leinkupal laticauda Holotype: MMCH-Pv 63-1 Paratypes: MMCH-Pv 63–2 to 63-8 Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum Valanginian Bajada Colorada Formation, Patagonia Holotype: a tail vertebra Paratypes: seven additional vertebrae The holotype tail vertebra shown from multiple views Leonerasaurus taquetrensis MPEF-PV 1663 Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio Uncertain, probably Early Jurassic, but could be Late Triassic Upper Member, Las Leoneras Formation, Patagonia A lower jaw with teeth, a mostly articulated vertebral column, a shoulder, humerus, most of the hips, a partial femur, and a few foot bones Lessemsaurus sauropoides PVL 4822-1/1 to 4822-1/7 and 4822-1/10 National University of Tucumán Norian Los Colorados Formation, Argentine Northwest Nine dorsal vertebrae Type species for the family "Lessemsauridae"; additional remains were discovered associated with the holotype, but these are not confidently known to be from the same individual Leyesaurus marayensis PVSJ 706 National University of San Juan Early Jurassic, exact age uncertain Quebrada del Barro Formation, Marayes Group, Patagonia A complete skull with neck vertebrae with fragments from the tail, foot, hips, and shoulder A digital reconstruction of the holotype material Liaoningotitan sinensis PMOL-AD00112 Paleontological Museum of Liaoning Barremian Yixian Formation, Liaoning A partial skull, humerus, and a hip bone Ligabuesaurus leanzai MCF-PHV-233 Carmen Funes Municipal Museum Albian Cullín Grande Member, Lohan Cura Formation, Patagonia A partial maxilla with teeth, six vertebrae, shoulders, both humeri, a mostly complete leg, and other fragments of ribs and the hands Limaysaurus tessonei MUCPv-205 National University of Comahue Cenomanian Huincul Formation, Patagonia A partial hip and several tail vertebrae Type species of the subfamily "Limaysaurinae"; originally named as a species of Rebbachisaurus before being given its own genus Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-R5gAJ8ZBOjh6hB8eEXXJnjdOh9MlIbI9' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_bb01744b8808.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. Diagrams of known material with the holotype in green (left) Lingwulong shenqi Holotype: LM V001a Paratypes: LGP V001b Lingwu Museum Toarcian or Bajocian Yanan Formation, Ningxia Holotype: partial brain case Paratype: several vertebrae, a partial hip, and most of a hind limb Elements of the holotype laid out individually Lirainosaurus astibiae Holotype: MCNA 7458 Paratypes: MCNA 3160 and 7439-7474 Juan Cornelio Moyano Museum of Natural and Anthropological Sciences Campanian Vitoria Formation, Spain Holotype: a caudal vertebra Paratypes: a partial brain case, several teeth, several vertebrae, a shoulder, several limb bones, and osteoderms Type series belongs to at least two individuals The brain case of the paratype shown from multiple views Liubangosaurus hei NHMG 8152 Natural History Museum of Guangxi Aptian Xinlong Formation, Guangxi Five articulated caudal vertebrae Lohuecotitan pandafilandi HUE-EC-01 Castilla-la Mancha Science Museum Late Campanian Villalba de la Sierra Formation, Spain Several vertebrae, ribs, a partial hip, several leg bones, and some unidentified fragments A photo of the holotype during excavation Loricosaurus scutatus MLP.Cs.1210, 1213–1215, 1218–1221, 1226, 1228–1232, 1235, 1237, 1470–1477, 2006, 2010 La Plata Museum Maastrichtian Allen Formation, Patagonia Several osteoderms Was originally believed to be an ankylosaur, but is currently believed to be a sauropod; subjective junior synonym of Neuquensaurus Losillasaurus giganteus SNH 180 Museum of Natural Sciences of Valencia Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain A partial skull with a few vertebrae, most of an arm, shoulder bones, and hips One of the vertebrae from the holotype Lourinhasaurus alenquerensis Lectotype: MIGM 4956–7, 4970, 4975, 4979–80, 4983-4 and 5780-1 Geological Museum of the Geological and Mining Institute, Lisbon Kimmeridgian Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member, Lourinhã Formation, Portugal Several vertebrae with associated ribs, both shoulders, part of the hips, and several bones of the arm and leg Has been variously referred to the genera Atlantosaurus, Apatosaurus, Camarasaurus, and Brontosaurus in the past; no holotype was originally assigned, but all the lectotype elements are believed to be from a single individual Lufengosaurus huenei IVPP V15 Paleozoological Museum of China Hettangian Shawan Member, Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Mostly complete skeleton with a skull Type species of Lufengosaurus The holotype on display in Beijing Lufengosaurus magnus IVPP V.82 Paleozoological Museum of China Hettangian Shawan Member, Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan TBD Subjective junior synonym of L. huenei Lusotitan atalaiensis Lectotypes: MIGM 4798, 4801–10, 4938, 4944, 4950, 4952, 4958, 4964–6, 4981–2, 4985, 8807, and 8793-5 Geological Museum of the Geological and Mining Institute, Lisbon Late Kimmeridgian Praia da Amoreira-Porto Novo Member, Lourinhã Formation, Portugal Several caudal vertebrae, ribs fragments, parts of the shoulders, partial arm bones, most of the hips, and parts of the left foot Originally described as a species of Brachiosaurus; no holotype was originally designated The humerus from the holotype shown from multiple views Macrocollum itaquii Holotype: CAPPA/UFSM 0001a Paratypes: CAPPA/UFSM 0001b and 0001c Paleontological Research Support Center of Quarta Colônia Early Norian Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande do Sul Holotypes: mostly complete skeleton Paratypes: two other skeletons lacking the skull and neck A composite diagram of the type series Macrurosaurus platypus CAMSM B55449-55453 Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences Albian Chalk Group, England Four metatarsals Originally named as a species of Acanthopholis before the metatarsals of the type series were referred to the genus Macrurosaurus; may be a nomen dubium Metatarsals of the holotype shown from multiple views Macrurosaurus semnus Syntypes: SM B55630-55652 Sedgwick Museum of Earth Sciences Albian Cambridge Greensand, England 23 caudal vertebrae from at least two animals Type species of Macrurosaurus An illustration of one of the vertebrae from the type series Magyarosaurus dacus MBFSZ Ob.3091 Hungarian Geological Survey Early Maastrichtian Sânpetru Formation, Romania Two caudal vertebrae and a toe claw Originally Titanosaurus dacus before being given its own genus; type species of Magyarosaurus Magyarosaurus hungaricus MAFI Ob.3104 Hungarian Geological Survey Maastrichtian Lower Sânpetru Formation, Romania A humerus The holotype is significantly larger than any other known fossils of Magyarosaurus, and some have suggested it belongs to its own genus, others believe it may be a junior synonym of M. dacus Malarguesaurus florenciae IANIGLA-PV 110 Argentine Institute of Nivology, Glaciology and Environmental Sciences Turonian Portezuelo Formation, Patagonia Several caudal vertebrae, ribs, a partial humerus, femur, and several indeterminate fragments Malawisaurus dixeyi SAM 7405 Iziko South African Museum Barremian or Aptian Dinosaur Beds, Malawi Holotype: a caudal vertebra Topotype: skull fragments, teeth, several more vertebrae, two sternal bones, and a partial hip Originally named as a species of Gigantosaurus, and later Tornieria, before being moved to its own genus A mount in Toronto based on the holotype Mamenchisaurus anyuensis AL 001 Uncertain Possibly Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous Penglaizhen Formation, Sichuan Mostly complete skull and skeleton only lacking a few foot bones; has been alternatively spelled M. anyueensis May represent a distinct genus Mamenchisaurus constructus IVPP AS V.790 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Kimmeridgian Upper Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Partial skeleton lacking the skull, hips, and arms Type species of Mamenchisaurus and of the family "Mamenchisauridae" Mamenchisaurus hochuanensis CCG V 20401 Chengdu College of Geology Bathonian Upper Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Almost complete vertebral series lacking the skull Mamenchisaurus jingyanensis Holotype: CV 00734 Paratype: JV 002 Chongqing Museum of Natural History Bathonian Upper Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Holotype: shoulder and forelimb bones, a partial hip, and a complete skull Paratype: several scattered vertebrae, most of the limbs, and several teeth Bones from three individuals were found at the type locality, but only two of them were named as the type series Mamenchisaurus sinocanadorum IVPP V10603 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Oxfordian Upper Shishugou Formation, Xinjiang Mostly complete skull with three neck vertebrae May represent a distinct genus Mamenchisaurus youngi ZDM 0083 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bathonian Upper Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Mostly complete skeleton with a skull Mamenchisaurus yunnanensis V1481 Geological Museum of China Late Jurassic, exact age uncertain Anning Formation, Yunnan A few fragmentary limb bones and some of the hips May represent a distinct genus Mansourasaurus shahinae MUVP 200 Mansoura Uinversity Late Campanian Quseir Formation, Egypt Skull and jaw fragments, five vertebrae, shoulder bones, eight ribs, both humeri, a radius, several foot bones, and some osteoderms Holotype is believed to be a juvenile individual Maraapunisaurus fragillimus AMNH 5777 Now lost, was last known to be at the American Museum of Natural History Tithonian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado One partial dorsal vertebra (now lost) Originally named as a species of Amphicoelias before being given its own genus Cope's illustration of the holotype vertebra Marmarospondylus robustus NHMUK R.22428 Natural History Museum, London Bathonian Forest Marble Formation, England A dorsal vertebra May be a nomen dubium Massospondylus browni NHMUK PV R3302 Natural History Museum, London Uncertain, exact locality unknown, sometime in the Early Jurassic Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Seven vertebrae and fragments of the limb bones Generally considered a nomen dubium Massospondylus carinatus Syntypes: never catalogued Neotype: BP/1/4934 Evolutionary Studies Institute Hettangian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Syntypes: Five damaged vertebrae Neotype: a nearly complete skeleton with a skull Neotype, syntypes were destroyed in WWII, type species of Massospondylus and of the family "Massospondylidae" Massospondylus harriesi SAM 3394 Iziko South African Museum Pliensbachian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Most of a forelimb and a few leg bones Subjective junior synonym of M. carinatus Massospondylus hislopi M G.281/1-u Geological Survey of India Carnian Lower Maleri Formation, India A single vertebra Generally considered a nomen dubium Massospondylus kaalae SAM-PK-K1325 Iziko South African Museum Hettangian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa A disarticulated skull Massospondylus rawesi NHMUK PV R4190 Natural History Museum, London Maastrichtian Takli Formation, India A tooth May be a nomen dubium, possibly a theropod; almost certainly not a species of Massospondylus due to its age Massospondylus schwartzi SAM 5134 Iziko South African Museum Pliensbachian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial hind limb and hip bone Subjective junior synonym of M. carinatus Maxakalisaurus topai MN 5013-V National Museum of Brazil Late Campanian Adamantina Formation, Bauru Group, Minas Gerais Most of the cervical vertebrae, vertebral fragments from the back and tail, several ribs, a shoulder bone, and several fragments of the forelimbs A mount based on the holotype on display in Rio de Janeiro Mbiresaurus raathi NHMZ 2222 Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe Carnian Pebbly Arkose Formation, Zimbabwe Partially complete skeleton including a skull and bones from almost every part of the animal Melanorosaurus readi Syntypes: SAM 3449 and SAM 3450 Iziko South African Museum Norian Lower Elliot Formation, South Africa Partial skeleton with bones from every area of the body, but lacking the skull Type species of the family "Melanorosauridae" Mendozasaurus neguyelap IANIGLA-PV 065 Argentine Institute of Nivology, Glaciology and Environmental Sciences Coniacian Sierra Barrosa Formation, Patagonia Several tail vertebrae Menucocelsior arriagadai MPCN-PV-798 Patagonian Museum of Natural Sciences Maastrichtian Allen Formation, Argentina 17 tail vertebrae, a humerus, a fibula, and several boot bones Meroktenos thabanensis MNHN.F.LES 16 National Museum of Natural History, Paris Norian Lower Elliot Formation, Lesotho A femur, parts of a hip, and several foot bones Originally named as a species of Melanorosaurus before being given its own genus Femur from the holotype Microcoelus patagonicus MLP-Ly 23 La Plata Museum Santonian Bajo de la Carpa Formation, Patagonia A single vertebra Considered a nomen dubium An illustration of the holotype vertebra Mierasaurus bobyoungi UMNH.VP.26004 Natural History Museum of Utah Late Berriasian or Early Aptian Lower Yellow Cat Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah A mostly complete disarticulated skeleton including a partial skull and jaw Cranial bones of the holotype laid out individually and labeled Mnyamawamtuka moyowamkia RRBP 05834 Rukwa Rift Basin Project Uncertain, Middle to Late Cretaceous ([[Aptian to Campanian?) Mtuka Member, Galula Formation, Tanzania Partially complete skeleton lacking the skull Moabosaurus utahensis BYU 14387 BYU Museum of Paleontology Aptian Yellow Cat Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah Three dorsal vertebrae Thousands of bones from at least 18 individuals were found, but only three vertebrae were selected as the type specimen File:Colored Fig 36 Moabo Skeleton.tif Mongolosaurus haplodon AMNH 6710 American Museum of Natural History Aptian or Albian On Gong Formation, Inner Mongolia A tooth An illustration of the type specimen Morinosaurus typus Unknown, now lost Lost, original location not known Kimmeridgian Unnamed formation near Boulogne-sur-Mer, France A tooth Sometimes considered a junior synonym of Pelorosaurus Morosaurus impar YPM 1905 Peabody Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Morrison Formation, Wyoming A partial sacrum Probable junior synonym of Camarasaurus grandis Mussaurus patagonicus PVL 4068 National University of Tucumán Sinemurian Laguna Colorada Formation, Patagonia A fully articulated skeleton Holotype is known to be a very young juvenile The holotype in its matrix Muyelensaurus pecheni Holotype: MRS-PV 207 Paratypes: MRS-Pv 50–60, 65–68, 70, 72, 87–91, 121–122, 125, 127–128, 131–132, 134, 137, 139, 141–147, 152, 154, 157, 161–162, 164–168, 170–174, 181–182, 187, 189–193, 198–200, 202, 204, 209, 212, 214, 224, 229–232, 235–237, 242–243, 245–247, 251–252, 257–259, 266, 273–274, 279, 337, 352–353, 355–358, 369, 371, 375, 377–379, 387, 389, 391–392, 396–397, 399, 404, 408, 412, 420–422, 428-429 Rincón de los Sauces Museum Coniacian Plottier Formation, Patagonia Holotype: a braincase Paratypes: mostly complete skeletons from four adults and one juvenile Nambalia roychowdhurii Holotype: ISI R273/1-3 Paratypes: ISI R273/4-29 Indian Statistical Institute Late Norian to Early Rhaetian Upper Maleri Formation, India Holotype: a few leg bones and part of a hip Paratypes: several vertebrae, a partial hip, and several hand and hip bones Holotype elements were found articulated, the paratypes were found in association and belong to at least two individuals Narambuenatitan palomoi MAU-Pv-N-425 Urquiza Argentine Municipal Museum Early Campanian Anacleto Formation, Neuquén Group, Patagonia Partial skulls with numerous vertebrae and associated ribs, a partial shoulder, several long bones of the limbs, hip, and foot bones Narindasaurus thevenini MNHN MAJ 423-430 National Museum of Natural History, France Bathonian Isalo III Formation, Madagascar Three partial vertebrae, several limb bones, a partial hip, and a tooth The pubis of the holotype on display in Madagascar Nebulasaurus taito LDRC-v.d.1 Lufeng Dinosaur Research Center Aalenian or Bajocian Zhanghe Formation, Yunnan A braincase The holotype shown from multiple views Nemegtosaurus mongoliensis ZPAL MgD-I/9 Polish Academy of Sciences Maastrichtian Nemegt Formation, Mongolia Mostly complete skull Type species of Nemegtosaurus and of the family "Nemegtosauridae" A cast of the holotype skull on display in Warsaw Nemegtosaurus pachi IVPP V.4879 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Campanian or Maastrichtian Subashi Formation, Xinjiang A tooth Some authors consider it a nomen dubium Neosodon sp. BHN2R 112 Museum of Natural History of Boulogne-sur-Mer Tithonian Sables et Grès à Trigonia gibbosa, France A tooth Was variously assigned to the genera Caulodon, Cardiodon, and Pelorosaurus before being reassigned to its own genus; holotype was never formally given a species epithet, some sources list it as N. praecursor because the tooth was previously assigned the name Iguanodon praecursor; now considered a nomen dubium The holotype tooth on display alongside another tooth referred to Neosodon Neuquensaurus australis MLP Ly 1-6-V-28-1 La Plata Museum Campanian Anacleto Formation Six caudal vertebrae Type species of Neuquensaurus, originally named as a species of Titanosaurus before being referred to Saltasaurus and later being given its own genus A photo of all six caudals of the holotype Neuquensaurus robustus Lectotypes: MLP 26-250, 252, 254, and 259 La Plata Museum Campanian Anacleto Formation Three metacarpals Originally assigned as a species of Titanosaurus before being referred to Saltasaurus and then Neuquensaurus, may be a nomen dubium Ngwevu intloko BP/1/4779 Environmental Studies Institute, University of the Witwatersrand Pliensbachian Clarens Formation, South Africa Partial skull The holotype shown from multiple views Nhandumirim waldsangae LPRP/USP 0651 University of São Paulo Carnian Santa Maria Formation, Rio Grande do Sul 2 partial vertebrae, hip fragments, and a nearly complete hindlimb Has previously been considered a theropod, or a basal saurischian, but is now widely considered a sauropodomorph Diagram of the holotype material Nigersaurus taqueti MNN GAD512 Musée National Boubou Hama Aptian Elrhaz Formation, Niger Partial skull, neck vertebrae, a shoulder bone, and limb elements A cast of the holotype skull in Ontario Ninjatitan zapatai MMCh-Pv228 Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum Late Berriasian Bajada Colorada Formation, Patagonia Several scattered vertebrae, a scapula, and a partial femur and tibia Nopcsaspondylus alarconensis Not catalogued Lost, was last known to be at the University of Vienna Cenomanian Candeleros Formation, Patagonia A single vertebra Known as "the Nopsca vertebra" before it was named, specimen is now lost Normanniasaurus genceyi MHNH-2013.2.1.1 through MHNH-2013.2.1.12 National Museum of Natural History, France Albian Poudingue Ferrugineux, France Vertebral fragments, parts of the hips, a shoulder bone, and a partial femur and fibula Notocolossus gonzalezparejasi UNCUYO-LD 301 National University of Cuyo Late Coniacian or Early Santonian Plottier Formation, Patagonia A humerus, two vertebrae, and a partial hip bone Digital reconstruction of the holotype Nullotitan glaciaris MACN-PV 18644 and MPM 21542 Padre Molina Provincial Regional Museum and Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Maastrichtian Chorrillo Formation, Patagonia Numerous vertebrae and several disarticulated limb bones Only one vertebra is stored at the Bernardino Rivadavia Museum, but both specimens are from the same individual Digital reconstruction of the holotype material Nyasasaurus parringtoni NHMUK R6856 Natural History Museum, London Anisian, but this has been disputed Manda Formation, Tanzania Several vertebrae, a partial shoulder, and a humerus Oldest known dinosaur, has been variously classified as a theropod, a sauropodomorph, an ornithischian, or even a stem-dinosaur Digital reconstruction of the holotype with a hypothetical bauplan Oceanotitan dantasi SHN 181 Society of Natural History of Torres Vedras Kimmeridgian Lourinhã Formation, Portugal A partial shoulder, most of the hips, a complete hind limb, and nine caudal vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material with known elements in white Ohmdenosaurus liasicus No catalogue number given Hauff Museum Toarcian Posidonia Shale, Germany Elements of the lower hind limb Was originally misidentified as a plesiosaur before being re-examined The holotype with each bone labeled Omeisaurus changshouensis IVPP V930 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Bathonian Daanzhai Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Eleven vertebrae and other postcranial fragments Some authors have referred this species to the genus Mamenchisaurus Omeisaurus fuxiensis CV 00267 Chongqing Natural History Museum Bathonian Upper Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Partial skull Considered by some to belong to the genus Mamenchisaurus Omeisaurus jiaoi ZDM 5050 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Lower Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Almost complete disarticulated skeleton lacking the head and neck Omeisaurus junghsiensis Never catalogued, now lost Lost, was last reposited at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Bathonian Daanzhai Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Four cervical vertebrae (lost) Type species of Omeisaurus, the holotype was destroyed in WWII Omeisaurus luoquanensis IVPP V.21501 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Oxfordian Lower Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan 3 cervical, 11 dorsal, and most of the caudal vertebrae, several ribs, a partial shoulder, a humerus, a femur, and a partial hip Omeisaurus maoianus ZNM N8510 Zhejiang Museum of Natural History Kimmeridgian Upper Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Mostly complete skull, numerous vertebrae, most of the hips, and several long bones of the limbs Omeisaurus puxiani CLGRP V00005 Chongqing Laboratory of Geoheritage Protection and Research Bathonian Lower Member, Shiaximiao Formation, Sichuan Most of the vertebrae, a few ribs, a complete fore limb, parts of both femora, a tibia, and hip elements Omeisaurus tianfuensis Holotype: ZDM T7501 Paratypes: ZDM T7502 Zigong Dinosaur Museum Bajocian Lower Member, Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Holotype: almost complete skeleton lacking the skull, the end of the tail, and the hind feet Paratype: mostly complete skull with associated cervical vertebrae Opisthocoelicaudia skarzynskii MPC-D100/404 Mongolian Academy of Sciences Maastrichtian Nemegt Formation, Mongolia Most of the postcranial skeleton except for the neck The holotype mounted at an exhibition in Japan Oplosaurus armatus BMNH R964 Natural History Museum, London Barremian Wessex Formation, England One tooth Was originally described as a carnivorous dinosaur or possibly as Hylaeosaurus, but it is now understood to be a sauropod An illustration of the holotype tooth shown from multiple views Ornithopsis hulkei Lectotype: BMNH R28632 Natural History Museum, London Barremian Wealden Group, England One vertebra, other elements have since been referred to other species Generally considered a nomen dubium; the same material was used to describe the species Bothriospondylus magnus and Chondrosteosaurus magnus making them objective junior synonyms; The lectotype vertebra Overosaurus paradasorum MAU-Pv-CO-439 Urquiza Argentine Municipal Museum Santonian Bajo de la Carpa Formation, Patagonia Numerous vertebrae, ribs, and a partial hip Pachysuchus imperfectus IVPP V 40 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Hettangian or Sinemurian Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Partial skull Originally misidentified as a genus of phytosaur, but was later re-identified as a sauropodomorph, generally considered a nomen dubium Padillasaurus leivaensis JACVM 0001 National University of Colombia Barremian Paja Formation, Colombia Ten articulated vertebrae The holotype specimen in a display case Paludititan nalatzensis UBB NVM1 Babeș-Bolyai University Early Maastrichtian Sânpetru Formation Over 20 vertebrae, a mostly complete pelvis, a partial femur, and two claws One of the vertebra from the holotype Paluxysaurus jonesi FWMSH 93B-10-18 Fort Worth Museum of Science and History Late Aptian Twin Mountains Formation, Trinity Group, Texas Partial skull with associated teeth Generally considered a junior synonym of Sauroposeidon proteles; was the original state dinosaur for the US state of Texas before being synonymized with Sauroposeidon Diagram of all known skeletal material of Paluxysaurus, including the holotype Pampadromaeus barberenai ULBRA-PVT016 Lutheran University of Brazil Norian Alemoa Member, Santa Maria Formation, Rio Grande do Sul A mostly complete skeleton lacking one of the arms and a few vertebrae Classification as a sauropodomorph is weakly supported Panamericansaurus schroederi MUCPv-417 National University of Comahue Late Campanian Allen Formation, Patagonia Six vertebrae with associated chevrons, a humerus, and rib fragments Panphagia protos PVSJ 874 Institute and Museum of Natural Sciences, San Juan Norian Ischigualasto Formation, Argentine Northwest Partial skull with numerous vertebrae, hip and shoulder elements, and most of the hind limbs A replica of the holotype as it was seen in situ Pantydraco caducus Natural History Museum, London Rhaetian Pant-y-Ffynnon Quarry, Wales A skull with a partial jawbone, neck vertebrae, hip bones, and partial fore limbs Originally named as a new species of Thecodontosaurus before being given its own genus Paralititan stromeri CGM 81119 Egyptian Geological Museum Cenomanian Bahariya Formation, Egypt Several vertebrae, parts of both shoulders, both humeri, and a foot bone Both humeri of the holotype on display in Egypt Patagosaurus fariasi PVL 4170 National University of Tucumán Toarcian Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia An almost complete skeleton lacking the skull A museum mount based on the holotype with a hypothetical skull Patagotitan mayorum MPEF-PV 3400 Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio Albian Cerro Castaño Member, Cerro Barcino Formation, Patagonia 15 vertebrae from various areas, several ribs, parts of the shoulders, both pubic bones, and both femora Part of the holotype mid-preparation Pellegrinisaurus powelli MPCA 1500 Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum Campanian Lower Member, Allen Formation, Patagonia Four dorsal and most of the caudal vertebrae with most of a femur Diagram of the holotype material Pelorosaurus conybeari BMNH 28626 Natural History Museum, London Valanginian Tunbridge Wells Sand Formation, Wealden Group, England A humerus; other material was referred to this specimen, but this was probably from another individual Originally referred to Cetiosaurus before being given its own genus, part of the original type material is an objective junior synonym of Cetiosaurus brevis The holotype humerus shown from multiple views Perijasaurus lapaz UCMP 37689 University of California Museum of Paleontology Toarcian La Quinta Formation, Colombia A partial vertebra Petrobrasaurus puestohernandezi MAU-Pv-PH-449 Urquiza Argentine Municipal Museum Coniacian Plottier Formation, Patagonia Several vertebrae, two teeth, most of the hind limbs, partial ribs, a humerus, carpals, and a partial shoulder Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae SM PW 1 Phu Wiang Dinosaur Museum Barremian Sao Khua Formation, Khorat Group, Thailand 6 vertebrae, ribs, most of the shoulders, one fore limb, a complete hip, both femora, and a fibula One of the femora from the holotype Pilmatueia faundezi Holotype: MLL Pv-005 Paratype: MLL-Pv-002 Las Lajas Municipal Museum Valanginian Mulichinco Formation, Patagonia Holotype: a dorsal vertebra Paratype: a cervical vertebra Diagram of the type material and other referred specimens with a silhouette based on the related taxon Amargasaurus Pitekunsaurus macayai MAU-Pv-AG-446 Urquiza Argentine Municipal Museum Early Campanian Anacleto Formation, Patagonia A braincase, a tooth, a frontal bone, 11 vertebrae, fore limb elements, a partial femur, rib fragments, and some uncertain fragments Plateosauravus cullingworthi SAM 3341, 3345, 3347, 3350–51, 3603, 3607 South African Museum Norian Lower Member, Elliot Formation, South Africa Fragmentary vertebrae, limb bones, and hip elements Originally assigned to Plateosaurus before being given its own genus, but has since been argued to be a junior synonym of Euskelosaurus An illustration of the humerus associated with the holotype Plateosaurus engelhardti Lectotype: UEN 552 Paralectotypes: 550, 554, 556, 558–559, 561-562 Unofficial holotype: SMNS 13200 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Late Norian Trossingen Formation, Germany (unofficial holotype is from the Löwenstein Formation) Lectotype: a sacrum Paralectotypes: fragments of the vertebrae, ribs, hips, and leg bones Unofficial holotype: a nearly complete skeleton Original type species of Plateosaurus, much of the holotype has been lost; generally considered undiagnostic, but this is not universally accepted Plateosaurus erlenbergiensis SMNS 6014 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Rhaetian Trossingen Formation, Germany A partial skull with several vertebrae, most of the shoulders, one forelimb, hip elements, and most of the hind limbs Plateosaurus gracilis SMNS 5715 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Norian Lower Löwenstein Formation, Germany Five vertebrae, most of the hips, and a fibula Originally named Sellosaurus gracilis before being referred to Plateosaurus Plateosaurus longiceps MB.R.1937 (or HMN XXIV) Natural History Museum, Berlin Norian Trossingen Formation, Germany A complete skull, 18 vertebrae, most of the hip bones, several leg bones, and a scapula Subjective junior synonym of P. erlenbergensis Plateosaurus quenstedti AMNH 6810 American Museum of Natural History Norian Trossingen Formation, Germany A skull with an almost complete skeleton only lacking a few foot bones Type specimen is undiagnostic, subjective junior synonym of P. trossingensis or P. longiceps Plateosaurus trossingensis SMNS 13200 State Museum of Natural History Stuttgart Norian Trossingen Formation, Germany Almost complete skeleton with a skull Newly designated type species of Plateosaurus as well as of the family "Plateosauridae" and the clade "Plateosauria"; P. integer and P. fraasianus are objective junior synonyms Pleurocoelus altus USNM 4971 Smithsonian Institution Albian Arundel Formation, Maryland A tibia and fibula Generally considered a nomen dubium due to the type material being undiagnostic; may be a junior synonym of Astrodon and is sometimes referred to as a species of that genus Pleurocoelus nanus Syntypes: USNM 4968, 4969, 4970, 5678 Smithsonian Institution Albian Arundel Formation, Maryland Four disarticulated vertebrae Generally considered a nomen dubium due to the type material being undiagnostic; the specimen may also be a chimera An illustration of the type series by O.C. Marsh Pradhania gracilis ISI R265 Indian Statistical Institute Sinemurian Upper Dharmaram Formation, India A partial maxilla and other bone fragments Protognathosaurus oxyodon CV 00732 (a.k.a. ChM V732) Chongqing Museum of Natural History Bajocian Shunosaurus-Omeisaurus Assemblage, Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Partial dentary with associated teeth Originally named Protognathus, but that genus was preoccupied Puertasaurus reuili Regional Provincial Museum of Father Jesus Molina Campanian Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Patagonia Four vertebrae from various parts of the spine Diagram of the holotype elements Pukyongosaurus milleniumi PKNU-G.102–109 Pukyong National University Aptian Hasandong Formation, South Korea Five partial vertebrae, one rib, a shoulder fragment, and two chevrons (three additional vertebrae were reported but not described) Considered a nomen dubium by most subsequent authors, some of the type material in the original description was not able to be located when later researchers reviewed the material Pulanesaura eocollum BP/1/6982 Evolutionary Studies Institute Sinemurian Upper Elliot Formation, South Africa 9 disarticulated vertebrae, a rib, a partial hip, a mostly complete fore limb, a tibia, a skull fragment, and a foot claw Skeletal diagram of the holotype with a photo of each bone Punatitan coughlini CRILAR-Pv 614 Regional Center for Scientific Research and Technology Transfer of La Rioja Campanian Ciénaga del Río Huaco Formation, Argentine Northwest Numerous vertebrae and ribs with a partial hip A skeletal diagram of the known elements in red Qianlong shouhu GZPM VN001 Toarcian Ziliujing Formation, Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan A partial skull, an articulated series of vertebrae, a femur, a fibula, and a complete fore limb Qiaowanlong kangxii FRDC GJ 07-14 Fossil Research and Development Center, Lanzhou Aptian Upper Member, Xiaguo Formation, Xinminpu Group, Gansu Eight cervical vertebrae Qijianglong goukr QJGPM 1001 Qijiang Petrified Wood and Dinosaur Footprint National Geological Park Museum Uncertain, Late Jurassic or Early Cretaceous Suining Formation, Sichuan A partial skull and jaw, all of the cervical vertebrae with several dorsals, ribs, several tail vertebrae, a partial hip, and a few foot bones The holotype and only specimen is likely a juvenile Qingxiusaurus youjiangensis NHMG 8499 Natural History Museum of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Uncertain, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Maastrichtian?) Unnamed formation, Guangxi Two humeri, sternal plates, and a vertebral fragment Qinlingosaurus luonanensis NWUV 1112 Northwest University Maastrichtian Uncertain, either from the Hongtuling Formation or the Shanyang Formation, Shaanxi Two hip bones and three vertebrae Quaesitosaurus orientalis PIN 3906/2 Russian Academy of Sciences Campanian Barun Goyot Formation, Mongolia A mostly complete skull The holotype skull with unknown elements in dark brown Quetecsaurus rusconii UNCUYO-LD-300 National University of Cuyo Turonian Lisandro Formation, Patagonia Skull fragment, teeth, several vertebrae, ribs, and a forelimb A diagram of the holotype material with unknown fragments in purple Rapetosaurus kraeusei UA 8698 University of Antananarivo Maastrichtian Maevarano Formation, Madagascar A partial skull A cast of the holotype skull on display in Ontario Rayososaurus agrioensis Holotype: MACN-N 41 Paratype: UFMA 1.10.168, 1.10.188, 1.10.806, 1.10.015, 1.10.283 Bernardino Rivadavia Natural Sciences Argentine Museum Aptian to Albian Rayoso Formation, Patagonia Holotype: a scapula, femur, and part of a fibula Paratype: five broken vertebrae Authors noted that it might belong to the genus Rebbachisaurus as a new species Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-hziEDpKGSm7M7YBY0Asp3IEWKkd7GtIY' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_534301ca52ac.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. A diagram of the holotype (right) and paratype (left) material Rebbachisaurus garasbae MNHN-MRS 1476–7, 1491, 1728, 1957–8, 1979–83, 1984–5, 1987–8, 1990-2002 National Museum of Natural History, France Cenomanian Aoufous Formation, Kem Kem Group, Morocco Several dorsal vertebrae, partial shoulder, hip, and humerus, with several ribs and caudal fragments Type species of Rebbachisaurus and of the family "Rebbachisauridae" and the subfamily "Rebbachisaurinae"; holotype is represented by numerous specimens, all of which likely belonged to a single animal A dorsal vertebrae (left) and shoulder (right) elements Rebbachisaurus tamesnensis Not catalogued National Museum of Natural History, France Late Albian Echkar Formation, Niger 4 teeth, 100 vertebrae, 12 ribs, 5 scapulae, 1 illium, 2 ischia, and over 100 limb elements Type specimens were never given a formal description and are known to be from numerous individuals at different localities, considered a junior synonym of R. garasbae by some Rhoetosaurus brownei QM F1695 Queensland Museum Uncertain (Oxfordian to Tithonian) Walloon Coal Measures, Queensland 40 vertebrae, several partial ribs, most of the hips, and much of the right hind limb More bones were found with the holotype, but these have yet to be prepared and described Rhomaleopakhus turpanensis IVPP-V11121-1 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Kimmeridgian Kalaza Formation, Xinjiang Partial fore limb A diagram of the holotype material Rinconsaurus caudamirus Holotype: MRS-Pv 26 and 13 Paratypes: MRS-Pv 2–9, 11, 16–20, 21–25, 27–31, 42–43, 46–47, 49, 92–94, 96–104, 109, 111–113, 117, 263 Rincón de los Sauces Museum Turonian or Coniacian Río Neuquén Formation, Patagonia Holotype: 13 articulated vertebrae and a partial hip Paratypes: a mostly complete tail, shoulder and hip elements, a femur, a humerus, cervical vertebrae, and skull fragments Holotype and paratypes comprise at least three individuals Riojasaurus incertus PVL 3808 National University of Tucumán Norian Los Colorados Formation, Argentine Northwest Numerous sacral and caudal vertebrae, shoulder and hip bones, and some elements of the hands Rocasaurus muniozi MPCA-Pv 46 Carlos Ameghino Provincial Museum Late Campanian Allen Formation, Patagonia Mostly complete hip, several partial vertebrae, and a femur The holotype material with elements labeled Ruehleia bedheimensis HMN MB RvL 1 Natural History Museum, Berlin Norian Knollenmergel Member, Trossingen Formation, Germany Most of the vertebrae, a partial shoulder, hips, and most of the limb bones with a partial hand Elements of the holotype on display in Germany Rugocaudia cooneyi MOR 334 Museum of the Rockies Aptian or Albian Cloverly Formation, Montana 18 caudal vertebrae, a tooth, an ankle bone, and other postcranial fragments Considered a nomen dubium by some authors Ruixinia zhangi ELDM EL-J009 Erlianhaote Dinosaur Museum Barremian Yixian Formation, Liaoning Numerous vertebrae, a partial hip, a femur, a tibia, and other limb elements Rukwatitan bisepultus RRBP 07409 Tanzanian Antiquities Unit Cenomanian Galula Formation, Tanzania Vertebrae from all sections, several ribs, partial shoulders, a partial hip, a humerus, and a partial ulna The humerus associated with the holotype on display Ruyangosaurus giganteus 41HIII-0002 Henan Geological Museum Aptian Haoling Formation, Henan Most of the torso lacking the shoulders, a single cervical vertebra, and most of a hind limb A reconstruction of the animal based on the holotype Saltasaurus loricatus PVL 4017-92 National University of Tucumán Early Maastrichtian Lecho Formation, Argentine Northwest Mostly complete hip Multiple other specimens are categorized under PVL 4017, but these are probably not from the same individual as the holtoype; type species of the superfamily "Saltasauroidea", the family "Saltasauridae", the subfamily "Saltasaurinae", and the tribe "Saltasaurini" Sanpasaurus yaoi IVPP V.156 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Toarcian Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan 20 vertebrae, scapulae, fore limbs, and some hind limb bones A selection of vertebrae from the holotype Sarahsaurus aurifontanalis TMM 43646-2 Texas Memorial Museum Pliensbachian Kayenta Formation, Arizona Numerous articulated vertebrae, most of the hips, partial shoulders, both hands, and several limb bones Sarmientosaurus musacchoioi MDT-PV 2 Desiderio Torres Museum of Vertebrate Paleontology Cenomanian Bajo Barreal Formation, Patagonia Almost complete skull with articulated vertebrae The holotype skull shown from multiple views Saturnalia tupiniquim Holotype: MCP 3844-PV Paratypes: MCP 3845-PV and MCP 3846-PV Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Late Carnian Alemoa Member, Santa Maria Formation, Rio Grande do Sul Holotype: mostly complete vertebral and articulated column, most of the hips, a femur, a full hind limb, a fore limb and shoulder, and several ribs Paratypes: a jaw with associated teeth, a humerus, a partial hip and hind limb, a partial leg bone, and several scattered vertebrae Type species for the family "Saturnaliidae" Sauroposeidon proteles OMNH 53062 Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History Aptian Middle Member, Antlers Formation, Oklahoma Several contiguous cervical vertebrae Official dinosaur of the state of Texas Diagram of all known skeletal material with the holotype elements in white Savannasaurus elliottorum AODF 660 Australian Age of Dinosaurs Cenomanian Winton Formation, Queensland A series of vertebrae with fore limb elements and a partial hip Skeletal diagram of the holotype with a photo of each bone Schleitheimia schutzi PIMUZ A/III 550 University of Zurich Late Norian Grunhalde Member, Klettgau Formation, Switzerland A partial ilium Other bones were found in association, and may belong to the same individual, but these were not included in the holotype or named as paratypes Sefapanosaurus zastronensis BP/1/386 Evolutionary Studies Institute Hettangian Elliot Formation, South Africa An incomplete, but fully articulated, foot Seitaad ruessi UMNH VP 18040 Natural History Museum of Utah Pliensbachian Navajo Sandstone, Utah Mostly complete dorsal vertebrae, ribs, and fore arms with a partial hip, a tibia, and a complete foot Digital reconstruction of the holotype material Shingopana songwensis RRBP 02100 Tanzanian Antiquities Unit Cenomanian Namba Member, Galula Formation, Tanzania Partial jaw, four cervical vertebrae, and rib fragments Shunosaurus jianyiensis CLGPR V00007 Chongqing Laboratory of Geoheritage Protection and Research Bathonian to Callovian Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Numerous vertebrae, mostly complete shoulder girdles, the right fore limb lacking the hand, and a partial hip with the right hind limb Shunosaurus lii IVPP V.9065 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Bajocian Lower Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Numerous vertebrae, left radius, ulna and a single carpal, a partially degraded hip, left femur, tibia, fibula, astragalus and complete metatarsals Type species of Shunosaurus Sibirotitan astrosacralis PM TGU 120/10-Sh1-22 Tomsk State University Barremian Ilek Formation, Kemerovo A dorsal vertebra Sidersaura marae Holotype: MMCh-PV 70 Paratypes: MMCh-PV 236, 307, 309 Ernesto Bachmann Paleontological Museum Upper Cenomanian or Lower Turonian Huincul Formation, Patagonia Holotype: Braincase, several vertebrae, a partial hip and shoulder, both tibiae and fibulae, and several foot bones Paratypes: Rib and vertebral fragments, pieces of hips, a tibia, and a fibula Silutitan sinensis IVPP V27874 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Aptian Shengjinkou Formation, Xinjiang Six articulated cervical vertebrae Diagram of the holotype material Smitanosaurus agilis USNM 5384 Smithsonian Institution Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado Partial skull and first three cervical vertebrae Originally referred to the dubious genus Morosaurus before being given its own genus The holotype shown fully articulated Sonidosaurus saihangaobiensis LH V 0010 Long Hao Institute of Geology and Paleontology Uncertain, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian to Maastrichtian?) Iren Dabasu Formation, Inner Mongolia Several vertebrae and chevrons with most of the pelvis Sonorasaurus thompsoni ASDM 500 Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum Late Albian Turney Ranch Formation, Arizona Fore limb elements, several ribs, vertebral fragments, a partial hip, a complete hind limb, and a fibula Official dinosaur of the state of Arizona Soriatitan golmayensis MNS 2001/122 Museo Numantino de Soria Hauterivian Golmayo Formation, Spain A tooth, scattered vertebrae with associated ribs, a partial hip, a humerus, an ulna, a radius, and a partial femur Spinophorosaurus nigeriensis Holotype: GCP-CV-4229 Paratype: NMB-1699-R Holotype: Paleontological Museum of Elche Paratype: State Natural History Museum of Braunschweig Bajocian Irhazer II Formation, Niger Holotype: partial skull with a mostly complete postcranial skeleton lacking a few foot bones Paratype: partial skull, most of the ribs, the humerus, and a toe A cast of the holotype on display with missing elements filled in Strenusaurus procerus PVL 3663 National University of Tucumán Norian Los Colorados Formation, Argentine Northwest Several vertebrae and limb bones Subjective junior synonym of Riojasaurus Supersaurus vivianae BYU 9025 Brigham Young University Tithonian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado A partial shoulder holotype shoulder on display Suuwassea emilieae ANS 21122 Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University Tithonian(?) Brushy Basin Member(?), Morrison Formation, Montana A partial skull, most of the anterior of the skeleton, scattered vertebrae and ribs, and a lower hind limb Exact type locality is unknown because the authors did not want to publish it in an effort to preserve the locality from discovery and exploitation by private fossil collectors Diagram of the holotype material Tambatitanis amicitae MNHAH D-1029280 Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyōgo Early Albian Ohyamashimo Formation, Sasayama Group, Japan Numerous vertebrae and ribs with a partial hip and a skull including the brain case and dentary The holotype caudal vertebrae arranged in order Tangvayosaurus hoffeti TV4-1 to TV4-36 Dinosaur Museum, Savannakhet Aptian Grès supérieurs Formation, Laos Partial hip, several vertebrae, ribs, and a humerus The holotype on display in Laos Tapuiasaurus macedoi MZSP-PV 807 Museum of Zoology of the University of São Paulo Aptian Quiricó Formation, Minas Gerais Mostly complete skull with dentary, several vertebrae, a partial shoulder, most of a fore limb, both femora, and other hind limb elements The holotype skull with each element labeled Tastavinsaurus sanzi MPZ 99/9 Paleontological Museum of Zaragoza Early Aptian Xert Formation, Spain Numerous vertebrae and chevrons with a complete pelvis, both femora, and the rest of a complete hind limb Tatouinea hannibalis ONM DT 1–36 National Office of Mines Albian Oum ed Diab Member, Aïn el Guettar Formation, Tunisia Articulated caudal vertebrae with a partial hip A reconstruction of the holotype based on a close relative with known elements in pink Tazoudasaurus naimi To 2000–1 Tazouda Dinosaur Museum Toarcian Azilal Formation, Morocco Fragmented skull, eight cervical vertebrae, and several limb bones The holotype vertebrae labeled individually Tehuelchesaurus benitezii MPEF-PV 1125 Museum of Paleontology Egidio Feruglio Oxfordian Cañadón Calcáreo Formation, Patagonia Most of the dorsal vertebrae, a mostly complete pelvis, partial shoulder, most of a fore limb, and a femur Tendaguria tanzaniensis Syntypes: MB.R.2092.1 (NB4) and MB.R.2092.2 (NB5) Natural History Museum, Berlin Tithonian Upper Dinosaur Member, Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Two dorsal vertebrae Syntypes are probably, but not definitely, from the same individual Tengrisaurus starkovi ZIN PH 7/13 Russian Academy of Sciences Valanginian Murtoi Formation, Buryatia Several vertebrae Tharosaurus indicus RWR-241(A–K) Indian Institute of Technology Early Bathonian Fort Member, Jaisalmer Formation, Rajasthan Eleven cervical vertebrae Thecodontosaurus antiquus Holotype: BCM 1 Neotype: BCM 2 Holotype destroyed, neotype is at the Bristol Museum & Art Gallery Uncertain, possibly Rhaetian Magnesian Conglomerate, England Holotype: lower jaw Neotype: lower jaw Type species of the family "Thecodontosauridae", holotype (also a lower jaw) was destroyed in WWII Tienshanosaurus chitaiensis IVPP AS 40002-3 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Oxfordian Shishugou Formation, Xinjiang Numerous vertebrae, partial hip and shoulder, and fragments of the femur, radius, and tibia The holotype scapula on display in China Titanosaurus blanfordi GSI 2195 Geological Society of India Maastrichtian Lameta Formation, Madhya Pradesh A caudal vertebra Generally considered a nomen dubium Illustration of the holotype elements Titanosaurus indicus Plastotype: NHMUK 40867 Natural History Museum, London Maastrichtian Lameta Formation, Madhya Pradesh One caudal vertebra Type species of Titanosaurus and of the clades "Titanosauria", "Eutitanosauria", and "Titanosauriformes"; syntypes were never catalogued and are presumed lost, one of the syntypes was recovered and given a new genus name, Jainosaurus, generally considered a nomen dubium and a wastebasket taxon An illustration of the plastotype from multiple views Tonganosaurus hei MCDUT 14454 Chengdu University of Technology Museum Pliensbachian Yimen Formation, Sichuan Twenty vertebrae, a front limb and pectoral girdle, and a complete hind limb with partial hip Tornieria africana Syntypes: SMNS 12141a, 12145a, 12143, 12140, 12142 Stuttgart State Museum of Natural History Tithonian Upper Dinosaur Member, Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Partial vertebra, rib fragment, partial hip, fibula, and a femur Originally named Gigantosaurus, but the genus was preoccupied, subsequently referred to Ornithopsis and Barosaurus before being given its own genus An illustration of one of the type caudal vertebrae Traukutitan eocaudata MUCPv 204 National University of Comahue Santonian Bajo de la Carpa Formation, Patagonia Thirteen vertebrae and both femora Trigonosaurus pricei MCT 1488-R Museum of Earth Sciences Paleontology Collection Maastrichtian Serra da Galga Formation, Minas Gerais Three vertebrae Originally specimen MCT 1719-R was considered the paratype, but it has since been given its own genus, Caieiria, may be a junior synonym of Baurutitan Holotype elements shown individually Triunfosaurus leonardii UFRJ-DG 498 Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Berriasian Rio Piranhas Formation, Paraíba Three vertebrae, a partial hip, and several chevrons Tuebingosaurus maierfritzorum GPIT-PV-30787 University of Tübingen Norian Trossingen Formation, Germany Mostly complete hip and hind limb with several caudal vertebrae Originally assigned to Gresslyosaurus and then to Plateosaurus before being given its own genus Digital reconstruction of the holotype material Turiasaurus riodevensis Holotype: CPT-1195 to 1210 Paratype: CPT-1211 to CPT-1261 Holotype: Aragonese Museum of Paleontology Paratype: Museo de la Fundación Conjunto Paleontológico de Teruel-Dinópolis Late Kimmeridgian Villar del Arzobispo Formation, Spain Holotype: articulated fore limb Paratype: skull fragments with teeth, several vertebrae, a partial hip and shoulder, and several hind limb elements Uberabatitan ribeiroi CPPLIP-912, 1082, 1107 Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro Maastrichtian Serra da Galga Formation, Bauru Group, Minas Gerais Tibia, fibula, and astragalus All three specimens are from the same individual, so they are collectively a single holotype; previously more material was referred to the holotype, but it has since been excluded Uintasaurus douglassi CM 11069 Carnegie Museum of Natural History Tithonian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Utah Five cervical vertebrae Junior synonym of Camarasaurus lentus Ultrasauros mcintoshi BYU 9044 Brigham Young University Late Kimmeridgian Brushy Basin Member, Morrison Formation, Colorado One dorsal vertebra Originally named Ultrasaurus before it was discovered that the name was preoccupied, now considered a junior synonym of Supersaurus The holotype vertebra (left) next to a human for scale Ultrasaurus tabriensis DGBU-1973 Pusan National University Late Albian or Early Aptian Gugyedong Formation, Korea Partial humerus Generally considered a nomen dubium Unaysaurus tolentinoi UFSM 11069 Federal University of Santa Maria Norian (possibly younger) Caturrita Formation, Rio Grande do Sul A partial skull, most of the dorsal vertebrae, most of the tail, most of the dorsal ribs and gastralia, nearly complete fore limbs, and several bones of the lower hind limbs A skeletal diagram of Unaysaurus, with known material in white Vahiny depereti UA 9940 University of Antananarivo Maastrichtian Maevarano Formation, Madagascar Partial skull Venenosaurus dicrocei DMNS 40932 Denver Museum of Nature and Science Aptian Poison Strip Sandstone Member, Cedar Mountain Formation, Utah Numerous vertebrae, partial hips and shoulder, rib fragments, and limb elements Volgatitan simbirskiensis UPM 976/1−7 Udory Paleontological Museum Hauterivian Unnamed formation, Ulyanovsk Disarticulated caudal vertebrae Error creating thumbnail: convert-im6.q16: width or height exceeds limit `/tmp/magick-KWzB504gOmKKmbaB8Gf3NBI0FE3lfQf5' @ error/cache.c/OpenPixelCache/3909. convert-im6.q16: no images defined `PNG:/tmp/transform_6afee1ecf248.png' @ error/convert.c/ConvertImageCommand/3229. Diagram of the holotype material Volkheimeria chubutensis PVL 4077 National University of Tucumán Toarcian Cañadón Asfalto Formation, Patagonia Disarticulated vertebrae, partial hip, femur, and tibia Vouivria damparisensis MNHN.F.1934.6 DAM 1-42 National Museum of Natural History, France Oxfordian Calcaires de Clerval Formation, France Partial skeleton without a skull The holotype humerus shown from multiple views Vulcanodon karibaensis QG24 Natural History Museum of Zimbabwe Sinemurian Forest Sandstone Formation, Zimbabwe Mostly complete pelvis and tail with limb elements and a partial shoulder Type species of the family "Vulcanodontidae" Diagram of the holotype material Wamweracaudia karanjei MB.R.2091.1–30, MB.R.3817.1 & MB.R.3817.2 Natural History Museum, Berlin Tithonian Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania Numerous vertebrae from various parts of the spine Wintonotitan wattsi QMF 729 Queensland Museum Late Albian Winton Formation, Queensland Mostly complete forelimbs, dorsal and caudal vertebrae, partial hip, and several ribs Diagram of the holotype with photos of the fossil material Xenoposeidon proneneukos BMNH R2095 Natural History Museum, London Late Berriasian to Valanginian Ashdown Formation, Wealden Group, England One dorsal vertebra Holotype shown from multiple views Xianshanosaurus shijiagouensis KLR-07-62 Henan Geological Museum Albian or Aptian Haoling Formation, Henan Ten vertebrae, a femur, a partial shoulder, and several ribs Xingxiulong chengi LFGT-D0002 Lufeng Dinosaur Museum Hettangian Shawan Member, Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Mostly complete skull, numerous vertebrae, both hands, and several bones of the hind limb Xinjiangtitan shanshanensis SSV12001 Shanshan Geological Museum Callovian Qiketai Formation, Xinjiang Mostly complete vertebral column with mostly complete hind limbs and hips Diagram of the holotype material with unknown elements in dark gray Xixiposaurus suni ZLJ01018 Jilin University Hettangian Lower Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Mostly complete skeleton with a skull Yamanasaurus lojaensis YM-UTPL 002, YM-INPC-014-017 Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja Maastrichtian Río Playas Formation, Ecuador Humerus, ulna, tibia, and three vertebrae Yimenosaurus youngi Holotype: YXV 8701 Paratype: YXV 8702 Yuxi Regional Administrative Academy Pliensbachian Fengjiahe Formation, Yunnan Holotype: mostly complete skull with the lower jaw, several vertebrae, most of the hips, a femur, and a few ribs Paratype: most of the vertebrae, a partial shoulder, most of the hips and hind limbs, with a partial skull Yizhousaurus sunae LFGT-ZLJ0033 Lufeng Dinosaur Museum Sinemurian Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Complete skull with lower jaw, 31 vertebrae, shoulder and hip bones, both forelimbs, and both femora Yongjinglong datangi GSGM ZH(08)-04 Gansu Geological Museum Barremian 5 Formation, Upper Hekou Group, Gansu Several vertebrae, a partial shoulder, and two fore limb bones Diagram of the holotype material Yuanmousaurus jiangyiensis YMV 601 Yuanmou Museum Uncertain, middle Jurassic Zhanghe Formation, Yunnan Numerous vertebrae and mostly complete limbs Yunnanosaurus huangi IVPP V20 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Sinemurian Upper Zhangjiawa Member, Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Mostly complete skeleton Type species of Yunnanosaurus Yunnanosaurus robustus IVPP V93 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Sinemurian Zhangjia'ao Member, Lufeng Formation, Yunnan Almost complete skeleton Yunnanosaurus youngi CXMVZA 185 Chuxiong Prefectural Museum Pliensbachian Upper Fengjiahe Formation, Yunnan 44 vertebrae and most of the hips Yunmenglong ruyangensis 41HIII-0006 Henan Geological Museum Albian or Aptian Haoling Formation, Henan 14 vertebrae and a femur Yuzhoulong qurenensis CLGRP V00013 Chongqing Laboratory of Geoheritage Protection and Research Bathonian Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Partial skeleton with a mostly complete skull Zapalasaurus bonapartei Pv-6127-MOZ Museum of Dr. Juan A. Olsacher Late Barremian La Amarga Formation, Patagonia Numerous vertebrae and a mostly complete hip Zby atlanticus ML 368 Museu da Lourinhã Kimmeridgian Lourinhã Formation, Portugal Mostly complete fore limb and other postcranial fragments Originally referred to Turiasaurus Zhuchengtitan zangjiazhuangensis ZJZ-57 Zhucheng Dinosaur Museum Campanian Boundary between Xingezhuang Formation and Hongtuya Formation, Wangshi Group, Shandong A humerus Zigongosaurus fuxiensis CV 02501 Chongqing Natural History Museum Uncertain, middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation, Sichuan Partial skull with jawbone Considered by some to belong to the genus Mamenchisaurus Zizhongosaurus chuanchengensis Syntypes: V9067.1, V9067.2, V9067.3 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Toarcian Ziliujing Formation, Sichuan A vertebra, humerus, and pubis Specimens are most likely from the same animal, may be a nomen dubium

See also

• Lists of dinosaur type specimens
  • List of ornithopod type specimens
  • List of thyreophoran type specimens
  • List of marginocephalian type specimens
  • List of non-avian theropod type specimens
  • List of other ornithischian type specimens
• List of sauropod species
• List of informally named dinosaurs

References

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