Biology:CDKN2D

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Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 inhibitor D is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CDKN2D gene.[1][2]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. This protein has been shown to form a stable complex with CDK4 or CDK6, and prevent the activation of the CDK kinases, thus function as a cell growth regulator that controls cell cycle G1 progression. The abundance of the transcript of this gene was found to oscillate in a cell-cycle dependent manner with the lowest expression at mid G1 and a maximal expression during S phase. The negative regulation of the cell cycle involved in this protein was shown to participate in repressing neuronal proliferation, as well as spermatogenesis. The expression of this gene and its protein product (p19) is observed in neurons with neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and it is suggested as a marker for senescent neurons.[3] Two alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode an identical protein, have been reported.[2]

Note, this protein should not be confused with p19-ARF (mouse) or the human equivalent p14ARF, which are alternative products of the CDKN2A gene.

References

  1. "Molecular cloning, expression pattern, and chromosomal localization of human CDKN2D/INK4d, an inhibitor of cyclin D-dependent kinases". Genomics 29 (3): 623–30. Mar 1996. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9957. PMID 8575754. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: CDKN2D cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2D (p19, inhibits CDK4)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1032. 
  3. Dehkordi, Shiva Kazempour; Walker, Jamie; Sah, Eric; Bennett, Emma; Atrian, Farzaneh; Frost, Bess; Woost, Benjamin; Bennett, Rachel E. et al. (December 2021). "Profiling senescent cells in human brains reveals neurons with CDKN2D/p19 and tau neuropathology". Nature Aging 1 (12): 1107–1116. doi:10.1038/s43587-021-00142-3. PMID 35531351. 

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