Social:Slavic studies

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Short description: Studies of Slavic peoples, languages, and culture


Slavic (American English) or Slavonic (British English) studies, also known as Slavistics, is the academic field of area studies concerned with Slavic areas, languages, literature, history, and culture. Originally, a Slavist or Slavicist was primarily a linguist or philologist researching Slavistics. Increasingly, historians, social scientists, and other humanists who study Slavic area cultures and societies have been included in this rubric.

In North America, Slavic studies is dominated by Russian studies. Ewa Thompson, a professor of Slavic studies at Rice University, described the situation of non-Russian Slavic studies as "invisible and mute."[1]

History

Slavistics emerged in late 18th and early 19th century, simultaneously with Romantic nationalisim among various Slavic nations, and ideological attempts to establish a common sense of Slavic community, exemplified by the Pan-Slavist movement. Among the first scholars to use the term was Josef Dobrovský (1753–1829).

The history of Slavic studies can be divided into three periods.

Until 1876 the early Slavists concentrated on documentation and printing of monuments of Slavic languages, among them the first texts written in national languages. At this time the majority of Slavic languages received their first modern dictionaries, grammars and compendia.

The second period, ending with World War I, featured the rapid development of Slavic philology and linguistics, most notably outside of Slavic countries themselves, in the circle formed around August Schleicher (1821–1868) and around August Leskien (1840–1916) at the University of Leipzig. At this time, Slavonic scholars focused on dialectology.

After World War II there were developed centers of Slavic studies, and much greater expansion into other humanities and social science disciplines in various universities around the world. Indeed, partly due to the political concerns in Western European and the United States about the Cold War. Slavic studies flourished in the years from World War II into the 1990s, though university enrollments in Slavic languages have declined since then.

Subfields

Following the traditional division of Slavs into three subgroups (eastern, southern, western), Slavic studies are also divided into three distinctive subfields:

  • East Slavic studies, encompassing the study of East Slavic peoples and their linguistic, literary and other cultural and historical heritages.
    • Belarusian studies, or Belarusistics (Latin: Belarusistica);[2]
    • Russian studies, or Russistics (Latin: Russistica);
    • Rusyn studies, or Rusynistics (Latin: Rusinistica);[3]
    • Ukrainian studies, or Ukrainistics (Latin: Ucrainistica);
  • South Slavic studies, encompassing the study of South Slavic peoples and their linguistic, literary and other cultural and historical heritages.
    • Bosniac studies, or Bosniacistics (Latin: Bosniacistica);[4]
    • Bulgarian studies, or Bulgaristics (Latin: Bulgaristica);
    • Croatian studies, or Croatistics (Latin: Croatistica);
    • Macedonian studies, or Macedonistics (Latin: Macedonistica);
    • Montenegrin studies, or Montenegristics (Latin: Montenegristica);
    • Serbian studies, or Serbistics (Latin: Serbistica);
    • Slovene Studies, or Slovenistics (Latin: Slovenistica);
    • Yugoslav studies, or Yugoslavistics (Latin: Iugoslavistica);
  • West Slavic studies, encompassing the study of West Slavic peoples and their linguistic, literary and other cultural and historical heritages.
    • Czech studies, or Bohemistics (Latin: Bohemistica);
    • Kashubian studies, or Kashubistics (Latin: Kashubistica);
    • Polish studies, or Polonistics (Latin: Polonistica);
    • Slovak studies, or Slovakistics (Latin: Slovacistica);
    • Sorbian studies, or Sorbistics (Latin: Sorbistica).

Slavic countries and areas of interest

  • By country:
    • Belarus: language, literature, culture, history
    • Bosnia and Herzegovina: language, literature, culture, history
    • Bulgaria: language, literature, culture, history
    • Croatia: language, literature, culture, history
    • Czech Republic: language, literature, culture, history
    • North Macedonia: language, literature, culture, history
    • Montenegro: language, literature, culture, history
    • Poland: languages/dialects (Polish, Kashubian, Silesian), literature (Polish, Kashubian), culture, history
    • Russia: language, literature, culture, history
    • Serbia: language, literature, culture, history (national and ethnic)
    • Slovakia: language, literature, culture, history
    • Slovenia: language, literature, culture, history
    • Ukraine: language, literature, culture, history
    • Other languages: Serbo-Croatian, Upper Sorbian, Lower Sorbian, Kashubian, Polabian, Rusyn, Old Church Slavonic

Notable people

Historical
  • Johann Christoph Jordan, the author of an early scholarly work in Slavic studies
  • Josef Dobrovský (1753–1829) from Bohemia
  • Jernej Kopitar (1780–1840) from Slovenia
  • Alexander Vostokov (1781–1864) from Russia
  • Vuk Stefanović Karadžić (1787–1864) from Serbia
  • Pavel Jozef Šafárik (1795–1861) from Slovakia
  • Mykhaylo Maksymovych (1804–1873) from Ukraine
  • Izmail Sreznevsky (1812–1880) from Russia
  • Franz Miklosich (1813–1891) from Slovenia
  • Fyodor Buslaev (1818–1898) from Russia
  • August Schleicher (1821–1868) from Germany
  • Đuro Daničić (1825–1882) from Serbia
  • Anton Janežič (1828–1869) from Slovenia
  • Alexander Potebnja (1835–1891) from Ukraine
  • Vatroslav Jagić (1838–1923) from Croatia
  • August Leskien (1840–1916) from Germany
  • Jan Niecisław Baudouin de Courtenay (1845–1929) from Poland
  • Filipp Fortunatov (1848–1914) from Russia
  • Aleksander Brückner (1856–1939) from eastern Galicia.
  • Matija Murko (1861–1952) from Slovenia
  • Lyubomir Miletich (1863–1937) from Bulgaria/Macedonia
  • Aleksey Shakhmatov (1864–1920) from Russia
  • Antoine Meillet (1866–1936) from France]
  • Holger Pedersen (1867–1953) from Denmark
  • Mikhail Pokrovsky [ru] 1869–1942) from Russia
  • Josip Tominšek [sl] (1872–1954) from Slovenia
  • Krste Misirkov (1874–1926) from Macedonia/Bulgaria/Russia
  • Aleksandar Belić (1876–1960) from Serbia
  • André Mazon [fr] (1881–1967) from France
  • Max Vasmer (1886–1962) from Russia
  • André Vaillant (1890–1977) from France
  • Dmytro Chyzhevsky (1894–1977) from Ukraine
  • Roman Jakobson (1896–1982) from Russia
  • Josef Matl [de] (1897–1974) from Austria
  • Zdzisław Stieber (1903–1980) from Poland
  • Dmitry Likhachev (1906–1999) from Russia
  • George Shevelov (1908–2002) from Ukraine
  • Jaroslav Rudnyckyj (1910–1995) from eastern Galicia
  • Stoyko Stoykov (1912–1969) from Bulgaria
  • Horace G. Lunt (1918–2010) from the United States
  • Karel van het Reve (1921–1999) from the Netherlands
  • Blaže Koneski (1921–1993) from North Macedonia
  • Juri Lotman (1922–1993) from Soviet Union/Estonia
  • Henrik Birnbaum (1925–2002) from Poland/United States
  • Vladislav Illich-Svitych (1934–1966) from Russia
  • Thomas Schaub Noonan (1938–2001) from the United States
  • Wolfgang Kasack (1927–2003) from Germany
  • Isabel Margaret de Madariaga (1919–2014) from UK
  • John Simon Gabriel Simmons (1915–2005) from UK
  • Vladimir Dybo (1930–2023) from Russia
  • Pavle Ivić (1924–1999) from Serbia
  • Edward Stankiewicz (1920–2013) from Poland/United States
  • Nicholas V. Riasanovsky (1923–2011) Russian-American
  • Alexander M. Schenker (1924–2019) from the United States
  • Zoe Hauptová (1929–2012) from the Czech Republic
  • Andrey Zaliznyak (1935–2017) from Russia
  • Kenneth Naylor (1937–1992) from the United States
  • Zbigniew Gołąb (1923–1994) from Poland
  • Leszek Moszyński [pl] (1928–2006) from Poland
  • Tadeusz Lehr-Spławiński (1891–1965) from Poland
  • Blaže Ristovski (1931–2018) from North Macedonia
  • Radoslav Katičić (1930–2019) from Croatia
  • Ivan Dorovský (1935–2021) from Czech Republic
  • Wiesław Boryś [pl] (1939–2021) from Poland
  • Šárka B. Hrbková (1878–1948) Czech-American slavologist
  • Charles E. Townsend (1932–2015) from the United States
  • Charles E. Gribble (1936–2016) from the United States


Contemporary
  • Irwin Weil (born 1928) from the United States
  • Zuzanna Topolińska (born 1931) from Poland
  • Hakan Kırımlı (born 1958) from Turkey
  • Stefan Brezinski (born 1932) from Bulgaria
  • Gerhard Simon [de] (born 1937) from Germany
  • Boris Uspensky (born 1937) from Russia
  • Branko Mikasinovich (born 1938) from the United States
  • Mario Capaldo (born 1945) from Italy
  • Frederik Kortlandt (born 1946) from Netherlands
  • Gary Saul Morson (born 1948) from the United States
  • Victor Friedman (born 1949) from the United States
  • Christina Kramer (born c. 1950) from the United States
  • Ivo Pospíšil [cs] (born 1952) from the Czech Republic
  • Alexander F. Tsvirkun (born 1953) from Ukraine
  • Snježana Kordić (born 1964) from Croatia
  • Charles S. Kraszewski (born 1962) from the United States
  • Marek Jan Chodakiewicz (born 1962) from Poland and the United States
  • Alexandra Popoff (born 1959) from Russia
  • Catriona Kelly (born 1959) from UK
  • Aage Hansen-Löve (born 1947) from Austria


Journals and book series

  • Archiv für slavische Philologie
  • The Russian Review
  • Sarmatian Review
  • Slavic and East European Journal, published by the American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages
  • Slavic Review, published by the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies
  • Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics
  • The Slavonic and East European Review
  • Scando-Slavica
  • Wiener Slawistischer Almanach

Conferences

  • American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies
  • American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages
  • Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics

Institutes and schools

Academic
  • Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
  • Jan Stanislav Institute of Slavistics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
  • Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  • Institute of Slavonic Studies, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
University
Others

Organisations

  • American Association of Teachers of Slavic and East European Languages (AATSEEL)
  • Association for Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies (ASEEES)
  • American Council of Teachers of Russian (ACTR)

See also

References

  1. ↑ Thompson, Ewa M.. "Slavic but not Russian: Invisible and Mute". Porównania 16: 9–18. http://porownania.amu.edu.pl/attachments/article/371/03%20Thompson.pdf. Retrieved February 25, 2020. 
  2. ↑ Gordey (2011): Morphonology in Belarusian lingvistics: The formation period, p. 142.
  3. ↑ Kassianova (2002), p. 1001: "Rusinistica, or Carpatho-Rusyn studies - a social science discipline focusing on the history of an Eastern Slavic people inhabiting the northern and southern slope of the Carpathian mountains and living within the borders of several Eastern and Central European countries."
  4. ↑ Greenberg 2004, p. 151.

Sources

External links

Library guides



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