Help:IPA/Khmer

From HandWiki
Short description: Wikipedia key to pronunciation

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Khmer language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-km}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants

Full Subscript Initial Value Final Value[1] Series[2]
្ក k k, ʔ 1
្ខ k 1
្គ k k, ʔ 2
្ឃ k 2
្ង ŋ ŋ 2[3]
្ច c c 1
្ឆ none [4] 1
្ជ c c 2
្ឈ none [4] 2
្ញ ɲ ɲ 2[3]
្ដ ɗ 1
្ឋ t̪ʰ 1
្ឌ ɗ 2
្ឍ t̪ʰ 2
្ណ 1
្ត , ɗ[5] 1
្ថ t̪ʰ 1
្ទ 2
្ធ t̪ʰ 2
្ន 2[3]
្ប ɓ, p[6] p 1
្ផ p 1
្ព p p 2
្ភ p 2
្ម m m 2[3]
្យ j j 2[3]
្រ r - , r[7] 2[3]
្ល 2[3]
្វ ʋ /ʋ/, /w/ 2[3]
្ស s h 1
្ហ h none [4] 1
- none [4] 1
្អ ʔ none [4] 1


Dependent Vowels

Vowel 1st Series Value 2nd Series Value[2]
ɑː ɔː
ឣិ , e, ə , i, ɨ
ឣី əj
ឣឹ ə ɨ
ឣឺ əɨ ɨː
ឣុ o u
ឣូ ou
ឣួ
ឣូវ əw ɨw
ឣើ əː
ឣឿ ɨə
ឣៀ
ឣេ ei, ə[8] , ɨ[8]
ឣែ ae ɛː
ឣៃ aj ɨj
ឣោ ao
អៅ aw ɨw
ឣុំ om um
ឣំ ɑm um
ឣាំ am oə̯m
ឣះ ah eah
ឣិះ eh ih
ឣុះ oh uh
ឣេះ eh ih
ឣោះ ɑh uəh


Independent Vowels

Vowel IPA
e; i; əi
ʔəj
;
(obsolete)
ʔuː
ʔɨw
ʔrɨʔ
ʔrɨː
ʔlɨʔ
ʔlɨː
ʔae; ʔɛː,ʔeː
ʔaj
, ʔaːo
ʔaw

Notes

  1. The stops /p, t, c, k/ have no audible release when occurring as syllable finals, as in Cantonese
  2. 2.0 2.1 Khmer consonants belong to two classes that dictate the value of dependent vowels.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Can be changed to 1st series by stacking a above the subscript form. See here for further details.
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 never occurs at the end of words
  5. is used by orthographic convention to represent ɗ in disyllabic words whose underlying form is spelled with or as opposed to derivatives of bases spelled with , which keep the original for ɗ.
  6. in certain words of Pali or Sanskrit origin
  7. final is silent (not transcribed) in central dialects of Cambodia and Vietnam, represents a trill in Northern Khmer dialects of Thailand
  8. 8.0 8.1 before palatals