Earth:Fonuafoʻou
| Fonuafo'ou | |
|---|---|
 Fonuafo'ou (date unknown, probably first half of 20th century) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 17 metres (56 ft)[1] |
| Listing | List of volcanoes in Tonga |
| Coordinates | [ ⚑ ] 20°19′S 175°25′W / 20.32°S 175.42°W |
| Geography | |
| Location | Tonga Islands |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Submarine volcano |
| Last eruption | 1936 |
Fonuafo‘ou ("New land" in Tongan[2]), formerly known as Falcon Island, is a submarine volcano in the western part of the Ha'apai group in Tonga. The volcano has created an island several times throughout history.[3]
It was first spotted by the crew of the British ship HMS Falcon in 1867, while it was still a coral reef. On 11 October 1885, the volcano erupted and spouted tons of molten lava. Three days later, on 14 October 1885, the eruption created an island, which was named Falcon island by the British.[4][5][6]
Several eruptions occurred in 1894, 1921, 1927, 1928, 1933 and 1936, consolidating the island and expanding its surface (6 km in diameter, 145 metres (476 ft) in height in 1949).
In 1949, another eruption caused the explosion and the collapse of the island, which disappeared underwater. New eruptions were recorded in 1970 and 1993. The volcano of Fonuafo'ou is currently −17 metres (−56 ft) underwater.[7]
References
- ↑ "Fonuafo'ou". Smithsonian Institution. https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=243050.
- ↑ David Stanley (1986) (in en). South Pacific Handbook. p. 218. ISBN 9780918373052. https://books.google.com/books?id=xgIVgyBc1UIC&q=fonuafo%27ou&pg=PA218.
- ↑ "Tongan Jack-in-the-Box". Pacific Islands Monthly XXIV (1): p. 72. 1 August 1953. https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-325565806/view?sectionId=nla.obj-334101826.
- ↑ "Fonuafo'ou". Smithsonian Institution. https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=243050.
- ↑ "THE NEW VOLCANO IN THE FRIENDLY ISLANDS.". New Zealand Herald: p. 1. 5 December 1885. https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH18851205.2.52.5.
- ↑ "A Visit to the newly emerged Falcon Island, Tonga Group, South Pacific.". Ufficio del Turismo di Tonga in Italia. http://www.tongaturismo.info/vulcan.htm.
- ↑ "Falcon Island Volcano, Tonga | John Seach". http://www.volcanolive.com/falcon.html.
[ ⚑ ] 20°19′S 175°25′W / 20.317°S 175.417°W
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