Chemistry:Epratuzumab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
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| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
| Target | CD22 |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | LymphoCide |
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Epratuzumab (planned trade name LymphoCide) is a humanized monoclonal antibody. Potential uses may be found in oncology and in treatment of inflammatory autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).[1][2]
Clinical trials
A clinical trial for relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has reported initial results.[3]
Results have been published for a phase II trial in untreated follicular lymphoma.[3]
Early results from a phase II trial for Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were encouraging.[3][4]
The manufacturers in August 2009 announced success in early trials against SLE,[5] and started two Phase III clinical trials.
July 2015 : Both phase III trials (EMBODY1/2) for SLE failed to meet their primary endpoint.[6]
Mechanism of action
Epratuzumab binds to the glycoprotein CD22 of mature and malignant B-cells.
Elevated CD22 and other B-cell receptor (BCR) proteins are associated with SLE. "Epratuzumab's mechanism of action transfers these BCR proteins to helper cells called effector cells which reduces B-cell destruction and epratuzumab's impact on the body's immune system"[6] via a process called trogocytosis.[3] Other SLE therapies destroy B-cells which compromises the immune system.
References
- ↑ "Epratuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD22: characterization of in vitro properties". Clinical Cancer Research 9 (10 Pt 2): 3982S–90S. September 2003. PMID 14506197.
- ↑ "Dose-fractionated radioimmunotherapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma using DOTA-conjugated, 90Y-radiolabeled, humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody, epratuzumab". Clinical Cancer Research 11 (14): 5215–22. July 2005. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0172. PMID 16033839.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Epratuzumab". http://www.immunomedics.com/epratuzumab-demo.shtml.
- ↑ "Epratuzumab with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy in patients with previously untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma". Blood 118 (15): 4053–61. October 2011. doi:10.1182/blood-2011-02-336990. PMID 21673350.
- ↑ "UCB and Immunomedics Announce Positive Results for Epratuzumab Phase IIb Study in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/pressRelease/idUS59586+27-Aug-2009+GNW20090827.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Epratuzumab flunks two Phase 3 studies; Immunomedics plummets 42% premarket.". Seeking Alpha. 28 July 2015. http://seekingalpha.com/news/2662465-epratuzumab-flunks-two-phase-3-studies-immunomedics-plummets-42-percent-premarket.
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