Biology:Scolecomorphidae

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Short description: Family of amphibians

Scolecomorphidae
Scolecomorphus kirkii (cropped).jpg
Scolecomorphus kirkii
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Amphibia
Order: Gymnophiona
Clade: Apoda
Family: Scolecomorphidae
Taylor, 1969
Genera

Crotaphatrema
Scolecomorphus

The Scolecomorphidae (from Greek: σκώλεκώς skólekós, 'wormlike' and Greek: μορφή morphḗ, 'form') are a family of caecilians[1] also known as tropical caecilians, buried-eyed caecilians,[1][2] or African caecilians.[3] They are found in Cameroon in West Africa, and Malawi and Tanzania in East Africa.[1] Caecilians are legless amphibians which superficially resemble worms or snakes.

Scolecomorphids have only vestigial eyes, which are attached to the base of a pair of tentacles underneath the snout. Unlike other caecilians, they have only primary annuli; these are grooves running incompletely around the body, giving the animal a segmented appearance. All other caecilians have a complex pattern of grooves, with secondary or tertiary annuli present. Also uniquely amongst tetrapods, the scolecomorphids lack a stapes bone in the middle ear.[4]

At least some species of scolecomorphids give birth to live young, retaining the eggs inside the females' bodies until they hatch into fully formed offspring, without the presence of a free-living larval stage.[4]

Taxonomy

Just six species of scolecomorphids are known, grouped into two genera, as follows:[1][2]

Family Scolecomorphidae

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Frost, Darrel R. (2019). "Scolecomorphidae Taylor, 1969". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Gymnophiona/Scolecomorphidae. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Scolecomorphidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2019. http://www.amphibiaweb.org/lists/Scolecomorphidae.shtml. 
  3. "Scolecomorphidae Taylor, 1969". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=208552. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 Nussbaum, Ronald A. (1998). Cogger, H.G.. ed. Encyclopedia of Reptiles and Amphibians. San Diego: Academic Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-12-178560-4. 

Wikidata ☰ Q387119 entry