Biology:Oligoneuron
| Oligoneuron | |
|---|---|
| |
| Stiff goldenrod (Oligoneuron rigidum) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Tribe: | Astereae |
| Genus: | Oligoneuron Small |
| Species | |
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See text. | |
Oligoneuron is a small genus of herbaceous, flowering plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). They grow in a variety of habitats such as wet prairies, open fields, woods, and on dry, calcareous cliffs and ledges.
Taxonomy
This genus has been treated as a section in the genus Solidago or with the genus Aster. The genus Oligoneuron is considered phylogenetically a basal or near-basal member of the tribe Astereae. A 2006 taxonomy by Semple and Cook and Flora of North America continue to treat it as part of Solidago.[1][2]
Morphology
The leaves of these herbaceous perennial plants typically form basal rosettes from which arise stalks of alternately arranged leaves.[2] The leaves mostly have one prominent nerve. The fruit is an achene with small tufts of white or light brown hair. They are distributed by the wind. A distinguishing characteristic from closely related species is their flat-topped to rounded corymbiform flowerheads.
Species
- Formerly Oligoneuron album (Nutt.) G.L.Nesom. – white upland goldenrod, prairie goldenrod, white upland aster (Solidago ptarmicoides[1])
- Oligoneuron houghtonii – Houghton's goldenrod
- Oligoneuron nitidum (Torr. & A. Gray) Small – shiny goldenrod
- Oligoneuron ohioense (Frank ex Riddell) G.N. Jones – Ohio goldenrod
- Oligoneuron riddellii Frank ex Riddell) Rydb. – Riddell's goldenrod
- Oligoneuron rigidum (L.) Small – stiff goldenrod
- Oligoneuron rigidum var. glabratum
- Oligoneuron rigidum var. humilis
- Oligoneuron rigidum var. rigidum
Most species are very common but some are threatened such as O. houghtonii.
Natural hybrids
- Oligoneuron × bernardii
- Oligoneuron × krotkovii
- Oligoneuron × lutescens
- Oligoneuron × maheuxii
One hypothesis about the origin of the garden plant x Solidaster is that it was an intergeneric hybrid between Oligoneuron album and Euthamia graminifolia. However, molecular evidence points to Oligoneuron album being more accurately placed in Solidago (as Solidago ptarmicoides), and the other parent as being Solidago canadensis.[1]
Illustration gallery
Prairie Goldenrod (Oligoneuron album).
Houghton's Goldenrod (Oligoneuron houghtonii).
Ohio Goldenrod (Oligoneuron ohioense).
Riddell's Goldenrod (Oligoneuron riddellii).
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Schilling, E.E., J.B. Beck, P.J. Calie, and R.L. Small (2008), "Molecular analysis of Solidaster cv. Lemore, a hybrid goldenrod (Asteraceae)", Journal Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2: 7–18, http://web.utk.edu/~rsmall/Solidaster.pdf
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Semple, John C.; Cook, Rachel E. (2006), "Solidago sect. Ptarmicoidei", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), 20, New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=316945
- Kapoor, B.M. and J.R. Beaudry. (1966). "Studies on Solidago VII, The taxonomic status of the taxa Brachchaeta, Brintonia, Chrysoma, Euthamia, Oligoneuron and Petradoria in relation to Solidago." Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 8:422-433.
- Anderson, L.C.; Creech, J.B. (1975). "Comparative leaf anatomy of Solidago and related Asteraceae." American Journal of Botany 62(5): 486-493 (concerning Oligoneuron album).
- Nesom, G. L. (1993). "Taxonomic infrastructure of Solidago and Oligoneuron (Asteraceae: Astereae) and observations on their phylogenetic position." Phytologia 75(1):1-44.
Wikidata ☰ Q7086835 entry
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