Biology:Luolishaniidae

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Short description: Extinct family of worm-like animals

Luolishaniidae
Temporal range: Stage 2–Tremadocian
20210000 Luolishaniids Luolishaniidae Luolishaniida.png
Collinsovermis (1), Luolishania (=Miraluolishania, 2), Ovatiovermis (3) and Facivermis (4)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
(unranked): Panarthropoda
Phylum: †"Lobopodia"
Family: †Luolishaniidae
Genera

The Luolishaniidae[5] or Luolishaniida[Note 1] are a group of Cambrian and Ordovician[6] lobopodians with anterior 5 or 6 pairs of setiferous lobopods.[1][3][2] Most luolishaniids also have posterior lobopods each with a hooked claws, and thorn-shaped sclerites arranged as three or more per trunk segment.[4][1][2] The type genus is based on Luolishania longicruris Hou and Chen, 1989, from the Chengjiang Lagerstatte, South China.[5] They are presumed to have been benthic suspension or filter feeders.[4][1][3][2]

New specimens of the previously enigmatic Facivermis show that it was a sessile tube-dweller, and part of this group.[3]

A 2023 analysis concluded, on the basis of numerous morphological similarities, that luolishaniids might be the closest known relatives of tardigrades.[7]

Notes

  1. ↑ Caron & Aria (2020) elevated this group to the rank of order Luolishaniida, while also naming new family Collinsovermidae within that order, containing the genera Acinocricus, Collinsium and Collinsovermis.[2]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Yang, Jie; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Gerber, Sylvain; Butterfield, Nicholas J.; Hou, Jin-bo; Lan, Tian; Zhang, Xi-guang (2015-07-14). "A superarmored lobopodian from the Cambrian of China and early disparity in the evolution of Onychophora". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 112 (28): 8678–8683. doi:10.1073/pnas.1505596112. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 26124122. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..112.8678Y. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Jean‐Bernard Caron; Cédric Aria (2020). "The Collins' monster, a spinous suspension‐feeding lobopodian from the Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia". Palaeontology 63 (6): 979–994. doi:10.1111/pala.12499. ; Jean‐Bernard Caron; Cédric Aria (2020). "Corrigendum: The Collins' monster, a spinous suspension‐feeding lobopodian from the Cambrian Burgess Shale of British Columbia". Palaeontology 63 (6): 995–996. doi:10.1111/pala.12509. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Howard, Richard J.; Hou, Xianguang; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Salge, Tobias; Shi, Xiaomei; Ma, Xiaoya (February 2020). "A Tube-Dwelling Early Cambrian Lobopodian" (in en). Current Biology 30 (8): 1529–1536.e2. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2020.01.075. PMID 32109391. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Ma, Xiaoya; Hou, Xianguang; Bergström, Jan (2009-07-01). "Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians" (in en). Arthropod Structure & Development 38 (4): 271–291. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001. ISSN 1467-8039. PMID 19293001. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1467803909000176. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 114: 3–19. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x. 
  6. ↑ Ou, Qiang; Mayer, Georg (2018-09-20). "A Cambrian unarmoured lobopodian, †Lenisambulatrix humboldti gen. et sp. nov., compared with new material of †Diania cactiformis". Scientific Reports 8 (1): 13667. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-31499-y. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 30237414. Bibcode: 2018NatSR...813667O. 
  7. ↑ Kihm, Ji-Hoon; Smith, Frank W.; Kim, Sanghee; Rho, Hyun Soo; Zhang, Xingliang; Liu, Jianni; Park, Tae-Yoon S. (2023). "Cambrian lobopodians shed light on the origin of the tardigrade body plan". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120 (28): e2211251120. doi:10.1073/pnas.2211251120. PMID 37399417. 

Wikidata ☰ Q16865447 entry




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