Non-Euclidean crystallographic group

In mathematics, a non-Euclidean crystallographic group, NEC group or N.E.C. group is a discrete group of isometries of the hyperbolic plane. These symmetry groups correspond to the wallpaper groups in euclidean geometry. A NEC group which contains only orientation-preserving elements is called a Fuchsian group, and any non-Fuchsian NEC group has an index 2 Fuchsian subgroup of orientation-preserving elements.

The hyperbolic triangle groups are notable NEC groups. Others are listed in Orbifold notation.

See also

• Non-Euclidean geometry
• Isometry group
• Fuchsian group
• Uniform tilings in hyperbolic plane

References

• Wilkie, H. C. (1966), "On non-Euclidean crystallographic groups", Mathematische Zeitschrift 91 (2): 87–102, doi:10.1007/bf01110157, http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN266833020_0091 .
• Bujalance, Emilio (1986), "Automorphism groups of compact planar Klein surfaces", Manuscripta Mathematica 56 (1): 105–124, doi:10.1007/BF01171036, http://www-gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/cgi-bin/digbib.cgi?PPN365956996_0056 .
• Hughes, Sam (2019), Cohomology of Fuchsian Groups and Non-Euclidean Crystallographic Groups, Bibcode: 2019arXiv191000519H .